{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T01:35:26Z","timestamp":1773020126286,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]},"DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-3851","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,14]],"date-time":"2014-01-14T10:06:36Z","timestamp":1389693996000},"page":"1479-1485","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The Impact of Glucocorticoid Replacement on Bone Mineral Density in Patients With Hypopituitarism Before and After 2 Years of Growth Hormone Replacement Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Hjalmar","family":"Ragnar Agnarsson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine (H.R.A.), University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik Iceland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gudmundur","family":"Johannsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine (G.J., O.R.), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 G\u00f6teborg Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oskar","family":"Ragnarsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine (G.J., O.R.), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 G\u00f6teborg Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"80","reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2001.16.2.398","article-title":"The influence of growth hormone deficiency, growth hormone replacement therapy, and other aspects of hypopituitarism on fracture rate and bone mineral density","volume":"16","author":"Wuster","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B2","first-page":"669","article-title":"Reduced bone mineral density in patients with adult onset growth hormone deficiency","volume":"78","author":"Holmes","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1370240","article-title":"Increased fracture frequency in adult patients with hypopituitarism and GH deficiency","volume":"137","author":"Rosen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.02067","article-title":"Restoration of the coupling process and normalization of bone mass following successful treatment of endogenous Cushing's syndrome: a prospective, long-term study","volume":"154","author":"Kristo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1460051","article-title":"Increased risk of osteoporotic fractures in patients with Cushing's syndrome","volume":"146","author":"Vestergaard","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3207","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-0468","article-title":"Bone mineral density, prevalence of vertebral fractures, and bone quality in patients with adrenal incidentalomas with and without subclinical hypercortisolism: an Italian multicenter study","volume":"94","author":"Chiodini","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-007-0394-0","article-title":"Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: pathophysiology and therapy","volume":"18","author":"Canalis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2011.04174.x","article-title":"Glucocorticoid replacement therapy is independently associated with reduced bone mineral density in women with hypopituitarism","volume":"76","author":"Ragnarsson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1516","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-2662","article-title":"Unreplaced sex steroid deficiency, corticotropin deficiency, and lower IGF-I are associated with lower bone mineral density in adults with growth hormone deficiency: a KIMS database analysis","volume":"96","author":"Tritos","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1012926","article-title":"Clinical practice. Glucocorticoid-induced bone disease","volume":"365","author":"Weinstein","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1159\/000314298","article-title":"Skeletal diseases in Cushing's syndrome: osteoporosis versus arthropathy","volume":"92","author":"Kaltsas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2007-0036","article-title":"Growth hormone, insulin-like growth factors, and the skeleton","volume":"29","author":"Giustina","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B13","first-page":"2865","article-title":"Two years of growth hormone (GH) treatment increases bone mineral content and density in hypopituitary patients with adult-onset GH deficiency","volume":"81","author":"Johannsson","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B14","first-page":"55","article-title":"Growth hormone and bone","volume":"19","author":"Ohlsson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2003-0031","article-title":"11\u03b2-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1: a tissue-specific regulator of glucocorticoid response","volume":"25","author":"Tomlinson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3874","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-022025","article-title":"11\u03b2-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 activity predicts the effects of glucocorticoids on bone","volume":"88","author":"Cooper","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-012-0413-x","article-title":"Glycyrrhizic acid (GCA) as 11\u03b2-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibitor exerts protective effect against glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis","volume":"31","author":"Ramli","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B18","first-page":"4172","article-title":"Modulation of 11\u03b2-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isozymes by growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor: in vivo and in vitro studies","volume":"84","author":"Moore","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1994.tb01830.x","article-title":"The effect of growth hormone replacement on cortisol metabolism and glucocorticoid sensitivity in hypopituitary adults","volume":"41","author":"Weaver","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1998.3641180.x","article-title":"The effect of growth hormone replacement therapy on cortisol-cortisone interconversion in hypopituitary adults: evidence for growth hormone modulation of extrarenal 11\u03b2-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity","volume":"48","author":"Gelding","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5397","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-1114","article-title":"Effect of recombinant human growth hormone (GH) replacement on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in adult GH-deficient patients","volume":"89","author":"Giavoli","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1997.3271123.x","article-title":"Individualized dose titration of growth hormone (GH) during GH replacement in hypopituitary adults","volume":"47","author":"Johannsson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B23","first-page":"53","article-title":"Serum insulin-like growth factor I reference values for an automated chemiluminescence immunoassay system: results from a multicenter study","volume":"60","author":"Brabant","year":"2003","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-08-0880","article-title":"Glucocorticoid replacement therapy and pharmacogenetics in Addison's disease: effects on bone","volume":"160","author":"Lovas","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-2036","article-title":"Bone mineral density is not significantly reduced in adult patients on low-dose glucocorticoid replacement therapy","volume":"97","author":"Koetz","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3954","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-0524","article-title":"The impact of glucocorticoid replacement regimens on metabolic outcome and comorbidity in hypopituitary patients","volume":"91","author":"Filipsson","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-120-3-199402010-00005","article-title":"Effect of glucocorticoid replacement therapy on bone mineral density in patients with Addison disease","volume":"120","author":"Zelissen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2009.03596.x","article-title":"Influence of hydrocortisone dosage scheme on health-related quality of life in patients with adrenal insufficiency","volume":"72","author":"Bleicken","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3912","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-0685","article-title":"Impaired subjective health status in 256 patients with adrenal insufficiency on standard therapy based on cross-sectional analysis","volume":"92","author":"Hahner","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1460067","article-title":"Growth hormone deficiency and replacement in hypopituitary patients previously treated for acromegaly or Cushing's disease","volume":"146","author":"Feldt-Rasmussen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2004.02018.x","article-title":"Baseline characteristics and the effects of two years of growth hormone replacement therapy in adults with growth hormone deficiency previously treated for Cushing's disease","volume":"60","author":"Johannsson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113361349800_B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.12132","article-title":"Predictors of the effects of 4 years of growth hormone replacement on bone mineral density in patients with adult-onset growth hormone deficiency\u2014a KIMS database analysis","volume":"79","author":"Tritos","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article-pdf\/99\/4\/1479\/9050197\/jcem1479.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,6]],"date-time":"2019-08-06T13:25:03Z","timestamp":1565097903000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article\/99\/4\/1479\/2537600"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2013-3851","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-972X","1945-7197"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-972X","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7197","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]}}}