{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,7]],"date-time":"2025-12-07T03:48:16Z","timestamp":1765079296438},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Context:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The effect of glycemic control on persisting albuminuria remains unclear. Insulin delivery and glucose variability may be important.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the effect of 1-year treatment with sensor-augmented insulin pump (SAP) or multiple daily injections (MDIs) on albuminuria.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design, Patients, and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This was a randomized controlled open-label parallel trial composed of 60 patients with type 1 diabetes with a history of albuminuria and on stable renin-angiotensin system inhibition, were randomly assigned to SAP or MDI. Urine albumin creatinine ratio (UACR) was measured in three urine samples at all visits. Glucose variability and glomerular filtration rate (51Cr-EDTA-GFR) were measured at beginning and study end. Using linear mixed model, change in UACR between groups was analyzed as intention to treat.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Main Outcome Measure:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Change in UACR was measured.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fifty-five patients (SAP, n = 26; MDI, n = 29) completed the study. Diabetes duration (mean \u00b1 SD, 33 \u00b1 12 y), UACR (geometric mean, 99 mg\/g; interquartile range, 37\u2013233 mg\/g), 51Cr-EDTA-GFR (94 \u00b1 22 mL\/min\/1.73m2), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (9.0 \u00b1 1.1%), glucose variability (calculated as SD), 4.0 \u00b1 1.0 mmol\/l; no-group differences (P \u2265 .06 for all). After 1 year, change in UACR was mean, \u221213%; 95% confidence interval, \u221239 to 22 with SAP vs mean, 30%; 95% CI, \u221212 to 92% on MDI treatment (unadjusted P = .051; adjusted for HbA1c, P = .04). HbA1c decreased 1.3 \u00b1 1.0 vs 0.6 \u00b1 1.0% (P = .013), glucose variability decreased 0.9 \u00b1 1.1 vs 0.3 \u00b1 1.0 mmol\/L (P = .04), and 51Cr-EDTA-GFR declined 5.6 \u00b1 9.6 vs 3.4 \u00b1 13 mL\/min\/1.73m2 (P = .50) with SAP vs MDI treatment. There were no changes in blood pressure (P \u2265 .27).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>SAP treatment reduced UACR in a randomized controlled trial in type 1 diabetes patients with a history of albuminuria on stable renin-angiotensin system inhibition. Significance was reached after adjustment. SAP treatment reduced HbA1c and glucose variability (calculated as SD).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-2839","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,21]],"date-time":"2015-09-21T17:00:56Z","timestamp":1442854856000},"page":"4181-4188","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Effect of Sensor-Augmented Pump Treatment Versus Multiple Daily Injections on Albuminuria: A 1-Year Randomized Study"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Signe","family":"Rosenlund","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center (S.R., T.W.H., P.R.), 2820 Gentofte, Denmark"},{"name":"Nordsjaellands Hospital (S.R., S.A.), 3400 Hilleroed, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tine Willum","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center (S.R., T.W.H., P.R.), 2820 Gentofte, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Rossing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center (S.R., T.W.H., P.R.), 2820 Gentofte, Denmark"},{"name":"Aarhus University (P.R.), 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark"},{"name":"University of Copenhagen (P.R.), 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steen","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nordsjaellands Hospital (S.R., S.A.), 3400 Hilleroed, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"80","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"2020071616135859900_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(14)70155-X","article-title":"Effect of intensive diabetes treatment on albuminuria in type 1 diabetes: Long-term follow-up of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial and Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications study","volume":"2","author":"de Boer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2020071616135859900_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2014.206","article-title":"Improved prognosis of diabetic nephropathy in type 1 diabetes","volume":"87","author":"Andr\u00e9sd\u00f3ttir","year":"2015","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2020071616135859900_B3","author":"ERA-EDTA Registry Annual Report 2010","year":"2012"},{"key":"2020071616135859900_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A7","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2012.11.031","article-title":"US Renal Data System 2012 Annual Data Report","volume":"61","author":"Collins","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2020071616135859900_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)91433-9","article-title":"Effect of two years of strict metabolic control on progression of incipient nephropathy in insulin-dependent diabetes","volume":"2","author":"Feldt-Rasmussen","year":"1986","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2020071616135859900_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199307293290502","article-title":"The effect of long-term intensified insulin treatment on the development of microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus","volume":"329","author":"Reichard","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2020071616135859900_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1703","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1995.236","article-title":"Effect of intensive therapy on the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial. 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