{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T07:24:10Z","timestamp":1782199450332,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Context:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Islet amyloid is a feature of \u03b2-cell failure in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and type 1 diabetes (T1D) recipients of islet transplants. Islet amyloid contains islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP; amylin), a circulating peptide that is produced in \u03b2 cells by processing of its precursor, proIAPP1-67, via an intermediate form, proIAPP1-48. Elevated proinsulin to C-peptide ratios in the plasma of persons with diabetes suggest defects in \u03b2-cell prohormone processing.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Determine whether plasma levels of precursor forms of IAPP are elevated in diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design, Setting, and Patients:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We developed an immunoassay to detect proIAPP1-48 in human plasma, and we determined the ratio of proIAPP1-48 to mature IAPP in subjects with T1D, T2D, recipients of islet transplants, and healthy controls.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The proIAPP1-48 immunoassay had a limit of detection of 0.18 \u00b1 0.06 pM and cross-reactivity with intact proIAPP1-67 &amp;lt;15%. Healthy individuals had plasma concentrations of proIAPP1-48 immunoreactivity of 1.5 \u00b1 0.2 pM and a proIAPP1-48 to total IAPP ratio of 0.28 \u00b1 0.03. Plasma concentrations of proIAPP1-48 immunoreactivity were not significantly different in subjects with T2D but were markedly increased in T1D recipients of islet transplants. Children and adults with T1D had reduced mature IAPP levels relative to age-matched controls but an elevated ratio of proIAPP1-48 to total IAPP.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The \u03b2 cells in T1D and islet transplants have impaired processing of the proIAPP1-48 intermediate. The ratio of proIAPP1-48-to-IAPP immunoreactivity may have value as a biomarker of \u03b2-cell stress and dysfunction.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-2773","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,6]],"date-time":"2017-07-06T17:59:11Z","timestamp":1499363951000},"page":"2595-2603","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Measurement of Pro-Islet Amyloid Polypeptide (1\u201348) in Diabetes and Islet Transplants"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"Jaques A.","family":"Courtade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada"},{"name":"Research Institute, BC Children\u2019s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka M.","family":"Klimek-Abercrombie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada"},{"name":"Research Institute, BC Children\u2019s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Chun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute, BC Children\u2019s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nirja","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"American Laboratory Products Company, Salem, New Hampshire 03079"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phoebe Y. 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