{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T23:15:34Z","timestamp":1791933334473,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Pubertal adolescents show strong appetites. How this is mediated is unclear, but ghrelin and peptide YY (PYY) play potentially important roles.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To measure ghrelin and PYY change in relation to pubertal growth.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Three-year prospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Australian regional community.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Eighty healthy adolescents (26 girls; 54 boys) recruited at 10 to 13 years.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fasting circulating total ghrelin, total PYY, IGF-1, insulin, leptin (via radioimmunoassay), estradiol and testosterone (via mass spectrometry), anthropometry, and body composition (via bioelectrical impedance).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Adolescents exhibited normal developmental change. Mixed models revealed positive associations for ghrelin to age2 (both sexes: P &amp;lt; 0.05), indicating a U-shaped trend over time. Ghrelin was also inversely associated with IGF-1 (both sexes: P &amp;lt; 0.05), leptin in girls (P &amp;lt; 0.01), and insulin in boys (P &amp;lt; 0.05) and negatively correlated with annual height and weight velocity (both sexes: P \u2264 0.01). PYY showed no age-related change in either sex. Neither ghrelin nor PYY were associated with Tanner stage. Weight subgroup analyses showed significant ghrelin associations with age2 in healthy-weight but not overweight and obese adolescents (7 girls; 18 boys).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Adolescents showed a U-shaped change in ghrelin corresponding to physical and biochemical markers of growth, and no change in PYY. The overweight and obesity subgroup exhibited an apparent loss of the U-shaped ghrelin trend, but this finding may be attributed to greater maturity and its clinical significance is unclear. Further research on weight-related ghrelin and PYY trends at puberty is needed to understand how these peptides influence growth and long-term metabolic risk.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2017-01825","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,31]],"date-time":"2018-05-31T18:09:06Z","timestamp":1527790146000},"page":"2851-2860","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Ghrelin and Peptide YY Change During Puberty: Relationships With Adolescent Growth, Development, and Obesity"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Hoi Lun","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Children\u2019s Hospital at Westmead, Academic Department of Adolescent Medicine, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical School, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Sainsbury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise, and Eating Disorders, Charles Perkins Centre, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frances","family":"Garden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New South Wales, South Western Sydney Clinical School, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myuran","family":"Sritharan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Children\u2019s Hospital at Westmead, Academic Department of Adolescent Medicine, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical School, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Paxton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Rural Health, Dubbo, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgina","family":"Luscombe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Rural Health, Orange, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Hawke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Rural Health, Orange, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharine","family":"Steinbeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Children\u2019s Hospital at Westmead, Academic Department of Adolescent Medicine, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical School, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2020071622551060000_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/S1054-139X(02)00485-8","article-title":"Growth at puberty","volume":"31","author":"Rogol","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"2020071622551060000_B2","first-page":"281","article-title":"The impact of gonadal steroid hormone action on growth hormone secretion during childhood and adolescence","volume":"13","author":"Kerrigan","year":"1992","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"2020071622551060000_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-1281","article-title":"Age before stage: insulin resistance rises before the onset of puberty: a 9-year longitudinal study (EarlyBird 26)","volume":"35","author":"Jeffery","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"2020071622551060000_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.115.129205","article-title":"Energy expenditure and intake during puberty in healthy nonobese adolescents: a systematic review","volume":"104","author":"Cheng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"11","key":"2020071622551060000_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2016.158","article-title":"Evidence for energy conservation during pubertal growth. 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