{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T03:31:26Z","timestamp":1785295886140,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>MYC-associated factor X (MAX) has been recently described as a new susceptibility pheochromocytoma (PHEO) gene with a total of ~40 reported cases. At present, no study has specifically described the functional imaging phenotype of MAX-related PHEO.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective, Patients, and Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The objective of the present study was to present our experience with contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and 18F-fluorodihydroxyphenylalanine (18F-FDOPA) positron emission tomography (PET)\/CT in six consecutive patients (four at the initial diagnosis and two at the follow-up evaluation) with rare, but clinically important, MAX-related PHEOs. In five patients, 18F-FDOPA was also compared with other radiopharmaceutical agents.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The patients had five different mutations in the MAX gene that caused disruption of Max\/Myc interaction and\/or abolished interaction with DNA based on in silico analyses. All but one patient developed bilateral PHEOs during their lifetime. In all cases, 18F-FDOPA PET\/CT accurately visualized PHEOs that were often multiple within the same gland or bilaterally and detected more adrenal and extra-adrenal lesions than did CT (per-lesion sensitivity, 90.9% vs 52.4% for CT\/magnetic resonance imaging). The two PHEOs missed on 18F-FDOPA PET\/CT were &amp;lt;1 cm, corresponding to nodular adrenomedullary hyperplasia. 68Ga-DOTA,Tyr3-octreotate PET\/CT detected fewer lesions than did 18F-FDOPA PET\/CT in one of three patients, and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET\/CT was only faintly positive in two of four patients with underestimation of extra-adrenal lesions in one patient.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>MAX-related PHEOs exhibit a marked 18F-FDOPA uptake, a finding that illustrates the common well-differentiated chromaffin pattern of PHEOs associated with activation of kinase signaling pathways. 18F-FDOPA PET\/CT should be considered as the first-line functional imaging modality for diagnostic or follow-up evaluations for these patients.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2017-02324","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,8]],"date-time":"2018-03-08T19:02:33Z","timestamp":1520535753000},"page":"1574-1582","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["18F-FDOPA PET\/CT Imaging of MAX-Related Pheochromocytoma"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Ta\u00efeb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, La Timone University Hospital, Centre Europ\u00e9en de Recherche en Imagerie M\u00e9dicale, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhishek","family":"Jha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carole","family":"Guerin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrine Surgery, Conception University Hospital, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen T","family":"Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clara C","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Division, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pauline","family":"Romanet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Conception Hospital and National Center for Scientific Research, Centre de Recherche en Neurobiologie et Neurophysiologie de Marseille, Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 7286, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Roche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrative Structural and Chemical Biology and INT-3D Molecular Modeling Platform, Cancer Research Centre of Marseille, National Center for Scientific Research, Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 7258, Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wassim","family":"Essamet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropathology, La Timone University Hospital, Centre Europ\u00e9en de Recherche en Imagerie M\u00e9dicale, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Ling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martha M","family":"Quezado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Labaratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Castinetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Conception University Hospital, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9deric","family":"Sebag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrine Surgery, Conception University Hospital, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karel","family":"Pacak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 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