{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T12:51:26Z","timestamp":1777467086087,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"12","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#OHF-69442"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#OHF-69442"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#NMD-94067"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#NMD-94067"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#MOP-97853"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#MOP-97853"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#MOP-119512"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#MOP-119512"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004411","name":"Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#PG-040291"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#PG-040291"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004411","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000156","name":"Fonds de Recherche du Qu\u00e9bec - Sant\u00e9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000156","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]]},"DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-00525","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,21]],"date-time":"2018-08-21T14:04:05Z","timestamp":1534860245000},"page":"4524-4532","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Pathways Linking Birth Weight and Insulin Sensitivity in Early Adolescence: A Double Mediation Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"103","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5743-4876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andraea","family":"Van Hulst","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gilles","family":"Paradis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Benedetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"},{"name":"Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tracie A","family":"Barnett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"},{"name":"INRS-Armand-Frappier Institute, Laval, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1819-8065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e9lanie","family":"Henderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"24","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2886","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2008.886","article-title":"Birth weight and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review","volume":"300","author":"Whincup","year":"2008","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"5","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-5491.2003.00871.x","article-title":"Is birth weight related to later glucose and insulin metabolism?\u2014a systematic review","volume":"20","author":"Newsome","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2637","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-1426","article-title":"Early origins of the metabolic syndrome: role of small size at birth, early postnatal weight gain, and adult IGF-I","volume":"97","author":"Kerkhof","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"7","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2005.01551.x","article-title":"The association of birthweight and contemporary size with insulin resistance among children from Estonia and Denmark: findings from the European Youth Heart Study","volume":"22","author":"Lawlor","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-013-2017-4","article-title":"Effects of birth size, post-natal growth and current size on insulin resistance in 9-year-old children: a prospective cohort study","volume":"172","author":"Whitrow","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B6","first-page":"123","article-title":"Small for gestational age and the metabolic syndrome: which mechanism is suggested by epidemiological and clinical studies","volume":"65","author":"L\u00e9vy-Marchal","year":"2006","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B7","first-page":"485082","article-title":"Early life factors and type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume-title":"J Diabetes Res","author":"Jiang","year":"2013"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"U131","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.151u131","article-title":"Birth weight, infant growth and insulin resistance","volume":"151","author":"Ong","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwx271","article-title":"Childhood health outcomes in term large-for-gestational-age babies with different postnatal growth patterns","volume":"187","author":"Lei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e47776","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0047776","article-title":"Birth weight and long-term overweight risk: systematic review and a meta-analysis including 643,902 persons from 66 studies and 26 countries globally","volume":"7","author":"Schellong","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S161","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-s212","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes in youth: epidemiology and pathophysiology","volume":"34","author":"D\u2019Adamo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwq435","article-title":"Evaluating the indirect effect of infant weight velocity on insulin resistance in young adulthood: a birth cohort study from the Philippines","volume":"173","author":"Slining","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyr111","article-title":"Cohort profile: the Quebec adipose and lifestyle investigation in youth cohort","volume":"41","author":"Lambert","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B14","unstructured":"World Health Organisation (WHO). Child growth standards. 2011. Available at: http:\/\/www.who.int\/childgrowth\/software\/en\/. Accessed April 2016."},{"issue":"2","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E35","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.108.2.e35","article-title":"A new and improved population-based Canadian reference for birth weight for gestational age","volume":"108","author":"Kramer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1373\/49.4.644","article-title":"Distribution of fasting plasma insulin, free fatty acids, and glucose concentrations and of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance in a representative sample of Quebec children and adolescents","volume":"49","author":"Allard","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"issue":"7","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00280883","article-title":"Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man","volume":"28","author":"Matthews","year":"1985","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"9","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.22.9.1462","article-title":"Insulin sensitivity indices obtained from oral glucose tolerance testing: comparison with the euglycemic insulin clamp","volume":"22","author":"Matsuda","year":"1999","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2010.06.008","article-title":"Measuring insulin sensitivity in youth: how do the different indices compare with the gold-standard method","volume":"37","author":"Henderson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B20","first-page":"63","article-title":"Quality control and data reduction procedures for accelerometry-derived measures of physical activity","volume":"21","author":"Colley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Health Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B21","first-page":"15","article-title":"Physical activity of Canadian children and youth: accelerometer results from the 2007 to 2009 Canadian Health Measures Survey","volume":"22","author":"Colley","year":"2011","journal-title":"Health Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1249\/mss.0b013e31815a51b3","article-title":"Physical activity in the United States measured by accelerometer","volume":"40","author":"Troiano","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"7","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e318206476e","article-title":"Comparison of accelerometer cut points for predicting activity intensity in youth","volume":"43","author":"Trost","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"235","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.44.235.291","article-title":"Variations in pattern of pubertal changes in girls","volume":"44","author":"Marshall","year":"1969","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"239","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.45.239.13","article-title":"Variations in the pattern of pubertal changes in boys","volume":"45","author":"Marshall","year":"1970","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"22","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3109","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0258(20001130)19:22<3109::AID-SIM558>3.0.CO;2-F","article-title":"Sympercents: symmetric percentage differences on the 100 log(e) scale simplify the presentation of log transformed data","volume":"19","author":"Cole","year":"2000","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B27","unstructured":"Vanderweele T. Explanation in causal inference: methods for mediation and interaction. New York: Oxford University Press."},{"issue":"1","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e67","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-1292","article-title":"Contribution of early weight gain to childhood overweight and metabolic health: a longitudinal study (EarlyBird 36)","volume":"123","author":"Gardner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03404975","article-title":"From \u201cthrifty genotype\u201d to \u201chefty fetal phenotype\u201d: the relationship between high birthweight and diabetes in Saskatchewan Registered Indians","volume":"92","author":"Dyck","year":"2001","journal-title":"Can J Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1111\/ijpo.230","article-title":"A high birth weight is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes and obesity","volume":"10","author":"Johnsson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Obes"},{"issue":"21","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2234","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.761","article-title":"Timing and tempo of first-year rapid growth in relation to cardiovascular and metabolic risk profile in early adulthood","volume":"301","author":"Leunissen","year":"2009","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"4","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-1809","article-title":"Lifecourse childhood adiposity trajectories associated with adolescent insulin resistance","volume":"34","author":"Huang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478610","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/478610","article-title":"Adolescent metabolic syndrome risk is increased with higher infancy weight gain and decreased with longer breast feeding","volume":"2012","author":"Khuc","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20595","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0020595","article-title":"Impact of birth weight and early infant weight gain on insulin resistance and associated cardiovascular risk factors in adolescence","volume":"6","author":"Fabricius-Bjerre","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B35","first-page":"42","article-title":"Some mathematical properties of weight-for-height indices used as measures of adiposity","volume":"25","author":"Benn","year":"1971","journal-title":"Br J Prev Soc Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.85.1.67","article-title":"A critique of the expression of paediatric body composition data","volume":"85","author":"Wells","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"3","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/77.3.726","article-title":"Programming of lean body mass: a link between birth weight, obesity, and cardiovascular disease","volume":"77","author":"Singhal","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5448.2006.00180.x","article-title":"Does lean rather than fat mass provide the link between birth weight, BMI, and metabolic risk? EarlyBird 23","volume":"7","author":"Murphy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatr Diabetes"},{"issue":"4","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.3109\/03014460.2011.592513","article-title":"Evidence for the intra-uterine programming of adiposity in later life","volume":"38","author":"Fall","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Hum Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2018110707053910700_B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0119433","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0119433","article-title":"Decreasing birth weight is associated with adverse metabolic profile and lower stature in childhood and adolescence","volume":"10","author":"Derraik","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article-pdf\/103\/12\/4524\/26397129\/jc.2018-00525.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,22]],"date-time":"2019-10-22T13:55:58Z","timestamp":1571752558000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article\/103\/12\/4524\/5076034"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,21]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2018-00525","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-972X","1945-7197"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-972X","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7197","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,21]]}}}