{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T16:51:30Z","timestamp":1790527890495,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,2]],"date-time":"2018-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1530489600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In the last decade, genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have catalyzed our understanding of the genetics of height and have identified hundreds of regions of the genome associated with adult height and other height-related body measurements.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Evidence Acquisition<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>GWASs related to height were identified via PubMed search and a review of the GWAS catalog.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Evidence Synthesis<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The GWAS results demonstrate that height is highly polygenic: that is, many thousands of genetic variants distributed across the genome each contribute to an individual\u2019s height. These height-associated regions of the genome are enriched for genes in known biological pathways involved in growth, such as fibroblast growth factor signaling, as well as for genes expressed in relevant tissues, such as the growth plate. GWASs can also uncover previously unappreciated biological pathways, such as theSTC2\/PAPPA\/IGFBP4 pathway. The genes implicated by GWASs are often the same genes that are the genetic causes of Mendelian growth disorders or skeletal dysplasias, and GWAS results can provide complementary information about these disorders.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Here, we review the rationale behind GWASs and what we have learned from GWASs for height, including how it has enhanced our understanding of the underlying biology of human growth. We also highlight the implications of GWASs in terms of prediction of adult height and our understanding of Mendelian growth disorders.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-01126","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,2]],"date-time":"2018-07-02T18:13:51Z","timestamp":1530555231000},"page":"3155-3168","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Insights and Implications of Genome-Wide Association Studies of Height"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Michael H","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts"},{"name":"College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel N","family":"Hirschhorn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Dauber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020070111442217400_B1","first-page":"246","article-title":"Regression towards mediocrity in hereditary stature","volume":"15","author":"Galton","year":"1886","journal-title":"J Anthropol Inst G B Irel"},{"key":"2020070111442217400_B2","unstructured":"Altshuler\n              D\n            ,DalyMJ,LanderE. 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