{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T09:55:39Z","timestamp":1790416539818,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"11","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009032","name":"Pfizer UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009032","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009708","name":"Novo Nordisk Fonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009708","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Children born small for gestational age (SGA) with a poor adult height (AH) expectation benefit from treatment with GH and additional gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog (GnRHa). Because both SGA birth and GnRHa treatment might negatively influence cognition, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and psychosocial functioning, we assessed these outcomes at AH.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A randomized, dose-response GH study until AH involving 99 adolescents born SGA, of whom 61 children received 2 additional years of GnRHa treatment. At AH, the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and TNO-AZL Adults Quality of Life questionnaire were administered to the study group. Additionally, the study group and 67 adolescents born SGA (19 GnRHa) from a second study group completed the Self-Perception Profile of Adolescents and Child\/Adolescent Behavior Checklist at AH. Scores in GH-treated young adults with GnRHa treatment (GH\/GnRHa group) were compared with GH-treated adolescents without GnRHa treatment (GH group) and a reference population.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Mean age (SD) at AH was 17.5 (1.2) and 17.4 (1.4) years in the GH\/GnRHa and GH group, respectively. Intelligence quotient scores were similar in GH\/GnRHa and GH groups (96.33 vs 92.47). HRQoL was similar between both groups and also when compared with the reference population, but the GH\/GnRHa group had a significantly lower perception of cognitive functioning. Self-perception and problem behavior were similar in the GH\/GnRHa and GH groups. AH did not correlate with HRQoL, self-perception, or problem behavior.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Combined GH\/GnRHa treatment has no long-term negative effects on cognition, HRQoL, self-perception, and behavior in early adulthood, compared with GH treatment only.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-01463","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,20]],"date-time":"2018-08-20T18:04:25Z","timestamp":1534788265000},"page":"3931-3938","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Cognition, Health-Related Quality of Life, and Psychosocial Functioning After GH\/GnRHa Treatment in Young Adults Born SGA"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"103","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1990-1090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wesley Jim","family":"Goedegebuure","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Subdivision Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands"},{"name":"Dutch Growth Research Foundation, Rotterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manouk","family":"van der Steen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dutch Growth Research Foundation, Rotterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justine Lenneke","family":"de With","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dutch Growth Research Foundation, Rotterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Hokken-Koelega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Subdivision Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands"},{"name":"Dutch Growth Research Foundation, Rotterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2020071621525157200_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F75","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.76.2.F75","article-title":"Differential effects of preterm birth and small gestational age on cognitive and motor development","volume":"76","author":"Hutton","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"2020071621525157200_B2","first-page":"358","article-title":"Psychomotor and intellectual development (neurocognitive function) of children born small for gestational age (SGA). 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