{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T12:49:41Z","timestamp":1792673381437,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":169,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective is to formulate clinical practice guidelines for the pharmacological management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evidence from clinical trials and insights from clinical experience with pharmacologic therapies for osteoporosis were critically evaluated in formulating this guideline for the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Patient preferences, data on adherence and persistence, and risks and benefits from the patient and provider perspectives were also considered in writing committee deliberations. A consensus by the Writing Committee members was achieved for four management principles: (i) The risk of future fractures in postmenopausal women should be determined using country-specific assessment tools to guide decision-making. (ii) Patient preferences should be incorporated into treatment planning. (iii) Nutritional and lifestyle interventions and fall prevention should accompany all pharmacologic regimens to reduce fracture risk. (iv) Multiple pharmacologic therapies are capable of reducing fracture rates in postmenopausal women at risk with acceptable risk-benefit and safety profiles.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2019-00221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,25]],"date-time":"2019-03-25T09:10:42Z","timestamp":1553505042000},"page":"1595-1622","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":793,"title":["Pharmacological Management of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Richard","family":"Eastell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3436-8199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clifford J","family":"Rosen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dennis M","family":"Black","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela M","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M Hassan","family":"Murad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dolores","family":"Shoback","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrine Research Unit, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022052023084173900_B1","unstructured":"National Osteoporosis Foundation\n          . About NOF. Available at: www.nof.org\/about-us\/about-nof\/. Accessed 7 January 2017."},{"issue":"3","key":"2022052023084173900_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1476","article-title":"Previous fractures at multiple sites increase the risk for subsequent fractures: the Global Longitudinal Study of Osteoporosis in Women","volume":"27","author":"Gehlbach","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2022052023084173900_B3","author":"Cooper"},{"key":"2022052023084173900_B4","author":"Hajcsar"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022052023084173900_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-011-1652-8","article-title":"Estimation of the lifetime risk of hip fracture for women and men in Canada","volume":"23","author":"Hopkins","year":"2012","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2022052023084173900_B6","author":"Ioannidis"},{"issue":"8","key":"2022052023084173900_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2888","article-title":"A crisis in the treatment of osteoporosis","volume":"31","author":"Khosla","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"2022052023084173900_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1536","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2832","article-title":"Impact of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration\u2019s safety-related announcements on the use of bisphosphonates after hip fracture","volume":"31","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022052023084173900_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocd.2017.10.041","article-title":"Proceedings of the 2017 Santa Fe Bone Symposium: insights and emerging concepts in the management of osteoporosis","volume":"21","author":"Lewiecki","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Densitom"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022052023084173900_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-017-4345-0","article-title":"Hip fracture trends in the United States, 2002 to 2015","volume":"29","author":"Michael Lewiecki","year":"2018","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"11","key":"2022052023084173900_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.7326\/M15-1361","article-title":"Treatment of low bone density or osteoporosis to prevent fractures in men and women: a clinical practice guideline update from the American College of Physicians","volume":"166","author":"Qaseem","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2022052023084173900_B12","author":"Barrionuevo"},{"issue":"5","key":"2022052023084173900_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2019-00193","article-title":"Women\u2019s values and preferences regarding osteoporosis treatments: a systematic review","volume":"104","author":"Barrionuevo","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022052023084173900_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/s11657-017-0324-5","article-title":"UK clinical guideline for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis","volume":"12","author":"Compston","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Osteoporos"},{"issue":"10","key":"2022052023084173900_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2359","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-014-2794-2","article-title":"Clinician\u2019s guide to prevention and treatment of osteoporosis","volume":"25","author":"Cosman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2022052023084173900_B16","author":"Papaioannou"},{"key":"2022052023084173900_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S54614","article-title":"The epidemiology and management of postmenopausal osteoporosis: a viewpoint from Brazil","volume":"10","author":"Baccaro","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"issue":"10","key":"2022052023084173900_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-010-1223-4","article-title":"Evidence-based guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis: a consensus document by the Belgian Bone Club","volume":"21","author":"Body","year":"2010","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"122","key":"2022052023084173900_B19","first-page":"1","article-title":"Austrian guidance for the pharmacological treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women\u2014update 2009 [in German]","author":"Dimai","year":"2009","journal-title":"Wien Med Wochenschr Suppl"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022052023084173900_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1007\/s11657-015-0224-5","article-title":"Incidence of hip fracture in Brazil and the development of a FRAX model","volume":"10","author":"Zerbini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Osteoporos"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022052023084173900_B21","first-page":"107","article-title":"Clinical practice guidelines on postmenopausal osteoporosis: an executive summary and recommendations","volume":"4","author":"Meeta","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Midlife Health"},{"key":"2022052023084173900_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Radominski\n\u00a0SC, Bernardo\n\u00a0W, Paula\n\u00a0AP, Albergaria\n\u00a0BH, Moreira\n\u00a0C, Fernandes\n\u00a0CE, Castro\n\u00a0CHM, Zerbini\n\u00a0CAF, Domiciano\n\u00a0DS, Mendonca\n\u00a0LMC, Pompei\n\u00a0LM, Bezerra\n\u00a0MC, Loures\n\u00a0MAR, Wender\n\u00a0MCO, Lazaretti-Castro\n\u00a0M, Pereira\n\u00a0RMR, Maeda\n\u00a0SS, Szejnfeld\n\u00a0VL, Borba\n\u00a0VZC. Brazilian guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Revista brasileira de reumatologia. 2017;57(Suppl 2):452\u2013466.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbre.2017.07.001"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022052023084173900_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocd.2017.06.008","article-title":"Worldwide fracture prediction","volume":"20","author":"El-Hajj Fuleihan","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Densitom"},{"key":"2022052023084173900_B24","unstructured":"Brantes Glavic\n\u00a0S, Porcile Jim\u00e9nez\n\u00a0A, Vanhauwaert Sudy\n\u00a0P, Parra Armendaris\n\u00a0M, Blumel M\u00e9ndez\n\u00a0JE. Orientaciones t\u00e9cnicas para la atenci\u00f3n integral de la mujer en edad de climaterio en el nivel primario de la red de salud (APS). Available at: www.minsal.cl\/sites\/default\/files\/files\/OTCLIMATERIOinteriorValenteindd04022014.pdf. Accessed 15 February 2019."},{"issue":"10","key":"2022052023084173900_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-008-0712-1","article-title":"Case finding for the management of osteoporosis with FRAX\u2014assessment and intervention thresholds for the UK","volume":"19","author":"Kanis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"2022052023084173900_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-017-3976-5","article-title":"Imminent fracture risk","volume":"28","author":"Roux","year":"2017","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022052023084173900_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-016-3868-0","article-title":"Imminent risk of fracture after fracture","volume":"28","author":"Johansson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022052023084173900_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.3.320","article-title":"Risk of new vertebral fracture in the year following a fracture","volume":"285","author":"Lindsay","year":"2001","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"12","key":"2022052023084173900_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-007-0413-1","article-title":"Mild prevalent and incident vertebral fractures are risk factors for new fractures","volume":"18","author":"Roux","year":"2007","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"12","key":"2022052023084173900_B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2075","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-010-1178-5","article-title":"Risk of subsequent fracture and mortality within 5\u00a0years after a non-vertebral fracture","volume":"21","author":"Huntjens","year":"2010","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"8","key":"2022052023084173900_B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2014.09.017","article-title":"Burden of proximal humerus fractures in the French National Hospital Database","volume":"100","author":"Maravic","year":"2014","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022052023084173900_B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.G.01529","article-title":"Proximal humeral fracture as a risk factor for subsequent hip fractures","volume":"91","author":"Clinton","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022052023084173900_B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.041025","article-title":"Association between self-reported prior wrist fractures and risk of subsequent hip and radiographic vertebral fractures in older women: a prospective study","volume":"20","author":"Schousboe","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"18","key":"2022052023084173900_B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1799","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa074941","article-title":"Zoledronic acid and clinical fractures and mortality after hip fracture","volume":"357","author":"Lyles","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022052023084173900_B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1494","article-title":"The effect of 3 versus 6 years of zoledronic acid treatment of osteoporosis: a randomized extension to the HORIZON-Pivotal Fracture Trial (PFT)","volume":"27","author":"Black","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"24","key":"2022052023084173900_B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2927","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.296.24.2927","article-title":"Effects of continuing or stopping alendronate after 5 years of treatment","volume":"296","author":"Black","year":"2006","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"12","key":"2022052023084173900_B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2729","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-014-2817-z","article-title":"Comparison of the effects of three oral bisphosphonate therapies on the peripheral skeleton in postmenopausal osteoporosis: the TRIO study","volume":"25","author":"Paggiosi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022052023084173900_B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-015-3145-7","article-title":"Response of bone turnover markers to three oral bisphosphonate therapies in postmenopausal osteoporosis: the TRIO study","volume":"27","author":"Naylor","year":"2016","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"2022052023084173900_B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-018-4460-6","article-title":"Effects of discontinuing oral bisphosphonate treatments for postmenopausal osteoporosis on bone turnover markers and bone density","volume":"29","author":"Naylor","year":"2018","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022052023084173900_B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2708","article-title":"Managing osteoporosis in patients on long-term bisphosphonate treatment: report of a task force of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research","volume":"31","author":"Adler","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"2022052023084173900_B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3420","article-title":"Bisphosphonate drug holiday and fracture risk: a population-based cohort study","volume":"33","author":"Adams","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022052023084173900_B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.3109\/17453674.2015.1004149","article-title":"Risk of atypical femoral fracture during and after bisphosphonate use","volume":"86","author":"Schilcher","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Orthop"},{"issue":"22","key":"2022052023084173900_B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2051","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1202623","article-title":"Continuing bisphosphonate treatment for osteoporosis\u2014for whom and for how long","volume":"366","author":"Black","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022052023084173900_B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-009-9323-x","article-title":"Gastric and esophagus events before and during treatment of osteoporosis","volume":"86","author":"Vestergaard","year":"2010","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"issue":"8","key":"2022052023084173900_B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1673","article-title":"Bone strength and surrogate markers: the first, second, and third fiddle","volume":"27","author":"Miller","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022052023084173900_B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0122646","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0122646","article-title":"Bisphosphonates and risk of cardiovascular events: a meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"9","key":"2022052023084173900_B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-2391(03)00720-1","article-title":"Pamidronate (Aredia) and zoledronate (Zometa) induced avascular necrosis of the jaws: a growing epidemic","volume":"61","author":"Marx","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"2022052023084173900_B48","article-title":"Atypical femur fractures\u2014review of epidemiology, relationship to bisphosphonates, prevention and clinical management","author":"Black","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022052023084173900_B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1513724","article-title":"Postmenopausal osteoporosis","volume":"374","author":"Black","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022052023084173900_B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1007\/s11657-017-0316-5","article-title":"Two-year persistence and compliance with osteoporosis therapies among postmenopausal women in a commercially insured population in the United States","volume":"12","author":"Durden","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Osteoporos"},{"issue":"7","key":"2022052023084173900_B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(17)30138-9","article-title":"10 Years of denosumab treatment in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: results from the phase 3 randomised FREEDOM trial and open-label extension","volume":"5","author":"Bone","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2022052023084173900_B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1829","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.403","article-title":"Effects of denosumab on fracture and bone mineral density by level of kidney function","volume":"26","author":"Jamal","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"2022052023084173900_B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1613","article-title":"A single-dose study of denosumab in patients with various degrees of renal impairment","volume":"27","author":"Block","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022052023084173900_B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1159\/000380960","article-title":"Hypocalcemia post denosumab in patients with chronic kidney disease stage 4\u20135","volume":"41","author":"Dave","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"key":"2022052023084173900_B55","author":"European Medicines Agency"},{"issue":"8","key":"2022052023084173900_B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0809493","article-title":"Denosumab for prevention of fractures in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis","volume":"361","author":"Cummings","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"2022052023084173900_B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4483","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-1597","article-title":"The effect of three or six years of denosumab exposure in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis: results from the FREEDOM extension","volume":"98","author":"Bone","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"12","key":"2022052023084173900_B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2773","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-015-3234-7","article-title":"The effect of 8 or 5 years of denosumab treatment in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: results from the FREEDOM Extension study","volume":"26","author":"Papapoulos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"2022052023084173900_B59","first-page":"2113","article-title":"Safety of denosumab in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis or low bone mineral density: a meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Zhou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Pathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022052023084173900_B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-011-1755-2","article-title":"Infections in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis treated with denosumab or placebo: coincidence or causal association","volume":"23","author":"Watts","year":"2012","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2022052023084173900_B61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2017.08.003","article-title":"Discontinuation of denosumab therapy for osteoporosis: a systematic review and position statement by ECTS","volume":"105","author":"Tsourdi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022052023084173900_B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1808","article-title":"Discontinuation of denosumab and associated fracture incidence: analysis from the Fracture Reduction Evaluation of Denosumab in Osteoporosis Every 6 Months (FREEDOM) trial","volume":"28","author":"Brown","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022052023084173900_B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-1502","article-title":"Effects of denosumab treatment and discontinuation on bone mineral density and bone turnover markers in postmenopausal women with low bone mass","volume":"96","author":"Bone","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022052023084173900_B64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-1805","article-title":"Effect of denosumab on bone mineral density and biochemical markers of bone turnover: six-year results of a phase 2 clinical trial","volume":"96","author":"Miller","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"11","key":"2022052023084173900_B65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1274","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.4045","article-title":"Denosumab-associated hypocalcaemia: incidence, severity and patient characteristics in a tertiary hospital setting","volume":"25","author":"Huynh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"key":"2022052023084173900_B66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1831","DOI":"10.2147\/TCRM.S123172","article-title":"High bone turnover elevates the risk of denosumab-induced hypocalcemia in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis","volume":"12","author":"Ishikawa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ther Clin Risk Manag"},{"issue":"8","key":"2022052023084173900_B67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa044459","article-title":"Denosumab in postmenopausal women with low bone mineral density","volume":"354","author":"McClung","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2022052023084173900_B68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.2147\/IJWH.S75681","article-title":"Update on denosumab in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis: patient preference and adherence","volume":"7","author":"Cairoli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Womens Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"2022052023084173900_B69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-010-1378-z","article-title":"Adherence, preference, and satisfaction of postmenopausal women taking denosumab or alendronate","volume":"22","author":"Kendler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022052023084173900_B70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0b013e31828f5e5d","article-title":"Influence of patient perceptions and preferences for osteoporosis medication on adherence behavior in the Denosumab Adherence Preference Satisfaction study","volume":"21","author":"Kendler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"issue":"10","key":"2022052023084173900_B71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2479","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-015-3164-4","article-title":"Persistence, adherence, and medication-taking behavior in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis receiving denosumab in routine practice in Germany, Austria, Greece, and Belgium: 12-month results from a European non-interventional study","volume":"26","author":"Hadji","year":"2015","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"10117","key":"2022052023084173900_B72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32137-2","article-title":"Effects of teriparatide and risedronate on new fractures in post-menopausal women with severe osteoporosis (VERO): a multicentre, double-blind, double-dummy, randomised controlled trial","volume":"391","author":"Kendler","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"19","key":"2022052023084173900_B73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200105103441904","article-title":"Effect of parathyroid hormone (1-34) on fractures and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis","volume":"344","author":"Neer","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"2022052023084173900_B74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.11136","article-title":"Effect of abaloparatide vs placebo on new vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"316","author":"Miller","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"6","key":"2022052023084173900_B75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa050336","article-title":"One year of alendronate after one year of parathyroid hormone (1\u201384) for osteoporosis","volume":"353","author":"Black","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"2022052023084173900_B76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1974","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.080805","article-title":"Femoral bone strength and its relation to cortical and trabecular changes after treatment with PTH, alendronate, and their combination as assessed by finite element analysis of quantitative CT scans","volume":"23","author":"Keaveny","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022052023084173900_B77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2016.10.009","article-title":"Eighteen months of treatment with subcutaneous abaloparatide followed by 6 months of treatment with alendronate in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: results of the activextend trial","volume":"92","author":"Cosman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022052023084173900_B78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.081215","article-title":"Sequential treatment of severe postmenopausal osteoporosis after teriparatide: final results of the randomized, controlled European Study of Forsteo (EUROFORS)","volume":"24","author":"Eastell","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2022052023084173900_B79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2017.03.006","article-title":"Importance of prompt antiresorptive therapy in postmenopausal women discontinuing teriparatide or denosumab: the Denosumab and Teriparatide Follow-up study (DATA-Follow-up)","volume":"98","author":"Leder","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"6","key":"2022052023084173900_B80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1998.13.6.1051","article-title":"Alendronate does not block the anabolic effect of PTH in postmenopausal osteoporotic women","volume":"13","author":"Cosman","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"2022052023084173900_B81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3384","article-title":"Effects of teriparatide compared with risedronate on the risk of fractures in subgroups of postmenopausal women with severe osteoporosis: the VERO trial","volume":"33","author":"Geusens","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"2022052023084173900_B82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-146-5-200703060-00005","article-title":"Effect of recombinant human parathyroid hormone (1-84) on vertebral fracture and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: a randomized trial","volume":"146","author":"Greenspan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"2022052023084173900_B83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-0317","article-title":"Comparative effectiveness of pharmacologic treatments to prevent fractures: an updated systematic review","volume":"161","author":"Crandall","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"2022052023084173900_B84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.7.637","article-title":"Reduction of vertebral fracture risk in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis treated with raloxifene: results from a 3-year randomized clinical trial","volume":"282","author":"Ettinger","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022052023084173900_B85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.070904","article-title":"Effects of raloxifene on fracture risk in postmenopausal women: the Raloxifene Use for the Heart Trial","volume":"23","author":"Ensrud","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"2022052023084173900_B86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.164.8.871","article-title":"A comparison of the effects of raloxifene and conjugated equine estrogen on bone and lipids in healthy postmenopausal women","volume":"164","author":"Reid","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"2022052023084173900_B87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1923","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.080710","article-title":"Efficacy of bazedoxifene in reducing new vertebral fracture risk in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: results from a 3-year, randomized, placebo-, and active-controlled clinical trial","volume":"23","author":"Silverman","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022052023084173900_B88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-011-1691-1","article-title":"Sustained efficacy and safety of bazedoxifene in preventing fractures in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: results of a 5-year, randomized, placebo-controlled study","volume":"23","author":"Silverman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2022052023084173900_B89","unstructured":"Springer. Drug profile: bazedoxifene. Available at: adisinsight.springer.com\/drugs\/800010761. Accessed 25 April 2017."},{"issue":"2","key":"2022052023084173900_B90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E189","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-1707","article-title":"Effects of bazedoxifene\/conjugated estrogens on the endometrium and bone: a randomized trial","volume":"99","author":"Pinkerton","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"9880","key":"2022052023084173900_B91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1827","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60140-3","article-title":"Selective oestrogen receptor modulators in prevention of breast cancer: an updated meta-analysis of individual participant data","volume":"381","author":"Cuzick","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2022052023084173900_B92","unstructured":"Electronic Medicines Compendium. Evista 60mg film-coated tables: summary of product characteristics. Available at: www.medicines.org.uk\/emc\/medicine\/595#CLINICAL_PRECAUTIONS. Accessed 14 February 2019."},{"issue":"13","key":"2022052023084173900_B93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.13.1729","article-title":"Effects of estrogen plus progestin on risk of fracture and bone mineral density: the Women\u2019s Health Initiative randomized trial","volume":"290","author":"Cauley","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"7","key":"2022052023084173900_B94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.280.7.605","article-title":"Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. Heart and Estrogen\/progestin Replacement Study (HERS) Research Group","volume":"280","author":"Hulley","year":"1998","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022052023084173900_B95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5122(00)00158-4","article-title":"Hormonal replacement therapy reduces forearm fracture incidence in recent postmenopausal women\u2014results of the Danish Osteoporosis Prevention Study","volume":"36","author":"Mosekilde","year":"2000","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"issue":"8","key":"2022052023084173900_B96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2004.05.019","article-title":"Comparative efficacy of hormone replacement therapy, etidronate, calcitonin, alfacalcidol, and vitamin K in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: the Yamaguchi Osteoporosis Prevention Study","volume":"117","author":"Ishida","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022052023084173900_B97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-117-1-1","article-title":"Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis with transdermal estrogen","volume":"117","author":"Lufkin","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"2022052023084173900_B98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"s1","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-2509","article-title":"Postmenopausal hormone therapy: an Endocrine Society scientific statement","volume":"95","author":"Santen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"13","key":"2022052023084173900_B99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.278040","article-title":"Menopausal hormone therapy and health outcomes during the intervention and extended poststopping phases of the Women\u2019s Health Initiative randomized trials","volume":"310","author":"Manson","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"7","key":"2022052023084173900_B100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0800743","article-title":"The effects of tibolone in older postmenopausal women","volume":"359","author":"Cummings","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022052023084173900_B101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(08)70341-3","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of tibolone in breast-cancer patients with vasomotor symptoms: a double-blind, randomised, non-inferiority trial","volume":"10","author":"Kenemans","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2022052023084173900_B102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3975","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-2236","article-title":"Treatment of symptoms of the menopause: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline","volume":"100","author":"Stuenkel","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"11","key":"2022052023084173900_B103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4012","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-2237","article-title":"Oral vs transdermal estrogen therapy and vascular events: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"100","author":"Mohammed","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022052023084173900_B104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(00)00490-3","article-title":"A randomized trial of nasal spray salmon calcitonin in postmenopausal women with established osteoporosis: the prevent recurrence of osteoporotic fractures study","volume":"109","author":"Chesnut","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2022052023084173900_B105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1080\/17453674.1997.11744761","article-title":"Pain relief from nasal salmon calcitonin in osteoporotic vertebral crush fractures. A double blind, placebo-controlled clinical study","volume":"275","author":"Lyritis","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand Suppl"},{"issue":"12","key":"2022052023084173900_B106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1177\/1060028013509233","article-title":"Salmon calcitonin use and associated cancer risk","volume":"47","author":"Overman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"issue":"11","key":"2022052023084173900_B107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4259","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-2239","article-title":"Calcitonin nasal spray and increased cancer risk: a population-based nested case-control study","volume":"99","author":"Sun","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"23","key":"2022052023084173900_B108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199212033272305","article-title":"Vitamin D3 and calcium to prevent hip fractures in elderly women","volume":"327","author":"Chapuy","year":"1992","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"2022052023084173900_B109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa055218","article-title":"Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and the risk of fractures","volume":"354","author":"Jackson","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6936","key":"2022052023084173900_B110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.308.6936.1081","article-title":"Effect of calcium and cholecalciferol treatment for three years on hip fractures in elderly women","volume":"308","author":"Chapuy","year":"1994","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022052023084173900_B111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s001980200023","article-title":"Combined calcium and vitamin D3 supplementation in elderly women: confirmation of reversal of secondary hyperparathyroidism and hip fracture risk: the Decalyos II study","volume":"13","author":"Chapuy","year":"2002","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022052023084173900_B112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2003.18.2.343","article-title":"Effects of vitamin D and calcium supplementation on falls: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"18","author":"Bischoff","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"18","key":"2022052023084173900_B113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1815","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.594","article-title":"Annual high-dose oral vitamin D and falls and fractures in older women: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"303","author":"Sanders","year":"2010","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"11","key":"2022052023084173900_B114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(18)30265-1","article-title":"Effects of vitamin D supplementation on musculoskeletal health: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and trial sequential analysis","volume":"6","author":"Bolland","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"9588","key":"2022052023084173900_B115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61342-7","article-title":"Use of calcium or calcium in combination with vitamin D supplementation to prevent fractures and bone loss in people aged 50 years and older: a meta-analysis","volume":"370","author":"Tang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"24","key":"2022052023084173900_B116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2466","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.19344","article-title":"Association between calcium or vitamin D supplementation and fracture incidence in community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"318","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022052023084173900_B117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2015.06.032","article-title":"Associations between calcium and vitamin D supplement use as well as their serum concentrations and subclinical cardiovascular disease phenotypes","volume":"241","author":"Thiele","year":"2015","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022052023084173900_B118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-013-2526-z","article-title":"The Auckland calcium study: 5-year post-trial follow-up","volume":"25","author":"Radford","year":"2014","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2022052023084173900_B119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"d2040","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d2040","article-title":"Calcium supplements with or without vitamin D and risk of cardiovascular events: reanalysis of the Women\u2019s Health Initiative limited access dataset and meta-analysis","volume":"342","author":"Bolland","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022052023084173900_B120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2015.7148","article-title":"Monthly high-dose vitamin D treatment for the prevention of functional decline: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"176","author":"Bischoff-Ferrari","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022052023084173900_B121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-2704","article-title":"The 2011 report on dietary reference intakes for calcium and vitamin D from the Institute of Medicine: what clinicians need to know","volume":"96","author":"Ross","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2022052023084173900_B122","author":"Heaney"},{"issue":"12","key":"2022052023084173900_B123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2769","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-012-2093-8","article-title":"Treatment failure in osteoporosis","volume":"23","author":"Diez-Perez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022052023084173900_B124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-3680","article-title":"Treat-to-target for osteoporosis: is now the time","volume":"98","author":"Lewiecki","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022052023084173900_B125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3039","article-title":"Goal-directed treatment for osteoporosis: a progress report from the ASBMR-NOF Working Group on goal-directed treatment for osteoporosis","volume":"32","author":"Cummings","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"2022052023084173900_B126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-017-3919-1","article-title":"Observations following discontinuation of long-term denosumab therapy","volume":"28","author":"McClung","year":"2017","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022052023084173900_B127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2008.04.007","article-title":"Effect of denosumab on bone density and turnover in postmenopausal women with low bone mass after long-term continued, discontinued, and restarting of therapy: a randomized blinded phase 2 clinical trial","volume":"43","author":"Miller","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"2022052023084173900_B128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-eular.1993","article-title":"Thu0461\u2005rebound-associated vertebral fractures after denosumab discontinuation: a series of 8 women with 35 spontaneous vertebral fractures","volume":"75","author":"Aubry Rozier","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2022052023084173900_B129","author":"Brown"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022052023084173900_B130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-3170","article-title":"Severe rebound-associated vertebral fractures after denosumab discontinuation: 9 clinical cases report","volume":"102","author":"Lamy","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"2022052023084173900_B131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1917","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-015-3458-6","article-title":"Rebound-associated vertebral fractures after discontinuation of denosumab-from clinic and biomechanics","volume":"27","author":"Popp","year":"2016","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022052023084173900_B132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3337","article-title":"Vertebral fractures after discontinuation of denosumab: a post hoc analysis of the randomized placebo-controlled freedom trial and its extension","volume":"33","author":"Cummings","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022052023084173900_B133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-011-1780-1","article-title":"Final results of the DAPS (Denosumab Adherence Preference Satisfaction) study: a 24-month, randomized, crossover comparison with alendronate in postmenopausal women","volume":"23","author":"Freemantle","year":"2012","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022052023084173900_B134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-018-0404-6","article-title":"Bone loss after romosozumab\/denosumab: effects of bisphosphonates","volume":"103","author":"Horne","year":"2018","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022052023084173900_B135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-017-0288-x","article-title":"Bone loss after denosumab: only partial protection with zoledronate","volume":"101","author":"Reid","year":"2017","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"issue":"8","key":"2022052023084173900_B136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2949","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-00163","article-title":"Activextend: 24 months of alendronate after 18 months of abaloparatide or placebo for postmenopausal osteoporosis","volume":"103","author":"Bone","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022052023084173900_B137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2405","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of osteonecrosis of the jaw: a systematic review and international consensus","volume":"30","author":"Khan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"2022052023084173900_B138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2035","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-010-1061-0","article-title":"RANK ligand inhibition in bone metastatic cancer and risk of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ): non bis in idem","volume":"19","author":"Van den Wyngaert","year":"2011","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022052023084173900_B139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2009.03.050","article-title":"Prevalence of osteonecrosis of the jaw in patients with oral bisphosphonate exposure","volume":"68","author":"Lo","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022052023084173900_B140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2014.10.035","article-title":"American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons position paper on medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw\u20142014 update and CTX","volume":"73","author":"Schwartz","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"2022052023084173900_B141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2011.0108","article-title":"Managing the care of patients receiving antiresorptive therapy for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis: executive summary of recommendations from the American Dental Association Council on Scientific Affairs","volume":"142","author":"Hellstein","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022052023084173900_B142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdn554","article-title":"Reduction of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) after implementation of preventive measures in patients with multiple myeloma treated with zoledronic acid","volume":"20","author":"Dimopoulos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022052023084173900_B143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdr039","article-title":"Impact of dental care in the prevention of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw: a single-center clinical experience","volume":"23","author":"Vandone","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2022052023084173900_B144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc0707493","article-title":"Atypical fractures of the femoral diaphysis in postmenopausal women taking alendronate","volume":"358","author":"Lenart","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022052023084173900_B145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.89B3.18146","article-title":"Subtrochanteric insufficiency fractures in patients on alendronate therapy: a caution","volume":"89","author":"Goh","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022052023084173900_B146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1998","article-title":"Atypical subtrochanteric and diaphyseal femoral fractures: second report of a task force of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research","volume":"29","author":"Shane","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"2022052023084173900_B147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2267","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.253","article-title":"Atypical subtrochanteric and diaphyseal femoral fractures: report of a task force of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research","volume":"25","author":"Shane","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"2022052023084173900_B148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.190","article-title":"Bisphosphonate use and the risk of subtrochanteric or femoral shaft fractures in older women","volume":"305","author":"Park-Wyllie","year":"2011","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"12","key":"2022052023084173900_B149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5258","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-1571","article-title":"Cumulative alendronate dose and the long-term absolute risk of subtrochanteric and diaphyseal femur fractures: a register-based national cohort analysis","volume":"95","author":"Abrahamsen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"2022052023084173900_B150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1550","article-title":"Incidence and demography of femur fractures with and without atypical features","volume":"27","author":"Feldstein","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"2022052023084173900_B151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1893","article-title":"Bisphosphonates and risk of subtrochanteric, femoral shaft, and atypical femur fracture: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"28","author":"Gedmintas","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"2022052023084173900_B152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2304","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3221","article-title":"Evaluating atypical features of femur fractures: How change in radiological criteria influenced incidence and demography of atypical femur fractures in a community setting","volume":"32","author":"LeBlanc","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"2022052023084173900_B153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2544","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1719","article-title":"Incidence of atypical nontraumatic diaphyseal fractures of the femur","volume":"27","author":"Dell","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"18","key":"2022052023084173900_B154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa067312","article-title":"Once-yearly zoledronic acid for treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis","volume":"356","author":"Black","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"2022052023084173900_B155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.090818","article-title":"Clinical value of monitoring BMD in patients treated with bisphosphonates for osteoporosis","volume":"24","author":"Watts","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"2022052023084173900_B156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1662","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.342","article-title":"Bone turnover markers and bone mineral density response with risedronate therapy: relationship with fracture risk and patient adherence","volume":"26","author":"Eastell","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022052023084173900_B157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-007-0471-4","article-title":"Adherence to alendronate in male veterans","volume":"19","author":"Hansen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"12","key":"2022052023084173900_B158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2006","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2011.10.021","article-title":"Impact of medication adherence on health care utilization and productivity: self-reported data from a cohort of postmenopausal women on osteoporosis therapy","volume":"33","author":"Wade","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022052023084173900_B159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1385\/JCD:7:3:255","article-title":"Relationship between changes in bone mineral density and vertebral fracture risk associated with risedronate: greater increases in bone mineral density do not relate to greater decreases in fracture risk","volume":"7","author":"Watts","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Densitom"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022052023084173900_B160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1185\/030079905X75096","article-title":"Development of an algorithm for using PINP to monitor treatment of patients with teriparatide","volume":"22","author":"Eastell","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022052023084173900_B161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-012-2097-4","article-title":"Evaluation of urinary N-telopeptide of type I collagen measurements in the management of osteoporosis in clinical practice","volume":"24","author":"Baxter","year":"2013","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022052023084173900_B162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3355","article-title":"Treatment-related changes in bone turnover and fracture risk reduction in clinical trials of anti-resorptive drugs: a meta-regression","volume":"33","author":"Bauer","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022052023084173900_B163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-010-1501-1","article-title":"Markers of bone turnover for the prediction of fracture risk and monitoring of osteoporosis treatment: a need for international reference standards","volume":"22","author":"Vasikaran","year":"2011","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"9","key":"2022052023084173900_B164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2541","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-017-4082-4","article-title":"Use of CTX-I and PINP as bone turnover markers: National Bone Health Alliance recommendations to standardize sample handling and patient preparation to reduce pre-analytical variability","volume":"28","author":"Szulc","year":"2017","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022052023084173900_B165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-017-3906-6","article-title":"International Osteoporosis Foundation and European Calcified Tissue Society Working Group. Recommendations for the screening of adherence to oral bisphosphonates","volume":"28","author":"Diez-Perez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"2022052023084173900_B166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2003.18.6.1051","article-title":"Relationship of early changes in bone resorption to the reduction in fracture risk with risedronate","volume":"18","author":"Eastell","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022052023084173900_B167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.04.026","article-title":"GRADE guidelines: 1. Introduction-GRADE evidence profiles and summary of findings tables","volume":"64","author":"Guyatt","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"7650","key":"2022052023084173900_B168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39489.470347.AD","article-title":"GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations","volume":"336","author":"Guyatt","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"5","key":"2022052023084173900_B169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2014.12.011","article-title":"Guideline panels should not GRADE good practice statements","volume":"68","author":"Guyatt","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article-pdf\/104\/5\/1595\/43775492\/jcem_104_5_1595.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article-pdf\/104\/5\/1595\/43775492\/jcem_104_5_1595.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,20]],"date-time":"2022-05-20T19:10:55Z","timestamp":1653073855000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article\/104\/5\/1595\/5418884"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,25]]},"references-count":169,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2019-00221","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-972X","1945-7197"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-972X","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7197","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,25]]}}}