{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T11:58:45Z","timestamp":1767873525420,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Recent studies show that high concentrations of inhibin A and activin A are present in the maternal serum throughout human pregnancy. The aim of this study was to determine whether the corpus luteum produces significant quantities of inhibin A and activin A during the first trimester of pregnancy. This prospective study examined two groups of women who had blood samples taken from 5\u201312 weeks gestation. One group consisted of 14 women with donor egg pregnancies (8 singletons and 6 multiples) who did not have corpora lutea, and the other group consisted 5 women with spontaneous pregnancies who had corpora lutea. Inhibin A and activin A were measured at weekly intervals using specific enzyme immunoassays. All pregnancies progressed to term, with healthy babies being delivered.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Maternal serum concentrations of inhibin A significantly increased throughout the study period in the donor egg pregnancies (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and the control pregnancies (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Circulating concentrations of activin A also increased significantly in both the spontaneous and donor egg pregnancies (P &amp;lt; 0.001) during the study period. However, the concentrations of inhibin A and activin A in the first trimester of human pregnancy were not significantly different in the women with or without corpora lutea, suggesting a fetoplacental origin. Multiple donor egg pregnancies were found to have higher concentrations of inhibin A (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and activin A (P &amp;lt; 0.05) compared with singleton donor egg pregnancies, which also supports a placental source.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.82.5.3934","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,8]],"date-time":"2014-01-08T17:01:45Z","timestamp":1389200505000},"page":"1557-1560","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Inhibin A and Activin A in the First Trimester of Human Pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Mary","family":"Birdsall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital (M.B., W.L., S.M.), Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Ledger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital (M.B., W.L., S.M.), Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nigel","family":"Groome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological and Molecular Sciences, Oxford Brookes University (N.G.), Oxford OX3 0BP;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hossam","family":"Abdalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Fertility and Endocrinology Center, Lister Hospital (H.A.), London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shanthi","family":"Muttukrishna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital (M.B., W.L., S.M.), Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"80","reference":[{"key":"2020071615371335800_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.1.247","article-title":"Gonadal and extragonadal expression of inhibin \u03b1-, \u03b2A- and\u03b2 B-subunits in various tissues predicts diverse functions.","volume":"85","author":"Meunier","year":"1988","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2020071615371335800_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1634","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a138765","article-title":"Serum concentrations of dimeric inhibin during the spontaneous menstrual cycle and after treatment with exogenous gonadotrophin.","volume":"9","author":"Muttukrishna","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2020071615371335800_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1994.tb02504.x","article-title":"Detection of Dimeric inhibin throughout the human menstrual cycle by two-site enzyme immunoassay.","volume":"40","author":"Groome","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071615371335800_R4","first-page":"191","article-title":"Inhibin and related peptides in the regulation of reproduction.","volume":"15","author":"Baird","year":"1993","journal-title":"Oxf Rev Reprod Biol"},{"key":"2020071615371335800_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(86)90758-8","article-title":"The human placenta: a novel source of inhibin.","volume":"140","author":"McLachlan","year":"1986","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"2020071615371335800_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1987.tb02949.x","article-title":"The maternal ovary is not the source of circulating inhibin levels during human pregnancy.","volume":"27","author":"McLachlan","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071615371335800_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1071\/RD9910671","article-title":"Concentrations of immunoreactive inhibin in serum during human pregnancy: evidence for an ovarian contribution.","volume":"3","author":"Yohkaichiya","year":"1991","journal-title":"Reprod Fertil Dev"},{"key":"2020071615371335800_R8","first-page":"1401","article-title":"Measurement of dimeric inhibin-B throughout the human menstrual cycle.","volume":"81","author":"Groome","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071615371335800_R9","first-page":"2926","volume":"80","author":"Groome","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071615371335800_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1480267","article-title":"Development and application of a two-site enzyme immunoassay for the determination of \u2018total\u2019 activin-A concentrations inserum and follicular 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pregnancy.","volume":"81","author":"Muttukrishna","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071615371335800_R15","first-page":"1471","article-title":"Measurement of circulating inhibin forms during the establishment of pregnancy.","volume":"81","author":"Illingworth","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071615371335800_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2141","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-125-4-2141","volume":"125","author":"Robertson","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2020071615371335800_R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod47.4.554","article-title":"Evidence that most of the radioimmunoassayable inhibin secreted by the corpus luteum of the common marmoset monkey is of a non-dimeric form.","volume":"47","author":"Knight","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biol 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