{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,9]],"date-time":"2023-07-09T15:40:27Z","timestamp":1688917227797},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The interleukin (IL)-1 system is a major regulator of local cellular interactions during embryonic implantation. Because IL-1\u03b2 and IL receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) are both expressed in human endometrium, we hypothesized that an appropriate ratio of IL-1\u03b2 to IL-1ra might favor the process of embryo implantation. Therefore, we investigated IL-1 regulation of the quantitative ratio of IL-1\u03b2\/IL-1ra messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in human endometrial stromal cells using quantitative competitive PCR, as well as intracellular protein expression after stromal cell solubilization. Confluent stromal cell cultures were stimulated with human IL-1\u03b2 (0\u20131000 IU\/mL) for 24 h. After 24 h, total RNA was extracted, reverse transcribed, and coamplified by PCR with a defined amount of internal standard. The quantitative ratio was determined by the density of target to the internal standard. After culture with IL-1\u03b2 for 24 and 48 h, stromal cells were solubilized, and the intracellular protein levels of IL-1\u03b2 and IL-1ra were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The IL-1\u03b2 and IL-1ra mRNA were both up-regulated, and IL-1R tI mRNA was down-regulated, by IL-1\u03b2 in a dose-dependent manner. The quantitative ratio of IL-1\u03b2 to IL-1ra mRNA was constant with the presence of increasing concentrations of IL-1\u03b2 (1\u20131000 IU\/mL). IL-1\u03b2 and IL-1ra protein was not detected in conditioned media of cultures before addition of IL-1\u03b2. IL-1\u03b2 and IL-1ra protein levels increased with increasing amounts of IL-1\u03b2 after solubilization of stromal cells. The IL-1\u03b2 was detectable after 12 h of culture, in comparison with IL-1ra, which was detectable after 24 h of IL-1\u03b2 stimulation. These results suggest that IL-1 may play a crucial role in embryo-maternal interaction by regulating stromal cell expression of IL-1\u03b2 and IL-1ra, resulting in an appropriate ratio during the process of embryonic implantation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.3.7284","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,8]],"date-time":"2014-01-08T17:06:16Z","timestamp":1389200776000},"page":"1387-1393","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Interleukin (IL)-1\u03b2 Regulation of IL-1\u03b2 and IL-1 Receptor Antagonist Expression in Cultured Human Endometrial Stromal Cells1"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Hong-Yuan","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics (H.-Y.H., Y.W., J.S.K., F.R., M.L.P.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics (H.-Y.H., Y.W., J.S.K., F.R., M.L.P.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan S.","family":"Kruessel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics (H.-Y.H., Y.W., J.S.K., F.R., M.L.P.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Raga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics (H.-Y.H., Y.W., J.S.K., F.R., M.L.P.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yung-Kuei","family":"Soong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (H.-Y.H., Y.-K.S.), Lin-Kou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary Lake","family":"Polan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics (H.-Y.H., Y.W., J.S.K., F.R., M.L.P.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"80","reference":[{"key":"2020071618054916200_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)30062-0","article-title":"Dating the endometrial biopsy.","volume":"1","author":"Noyes","year":"1950","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"2020071618054916200_R2","first-page":"52","article-title":"Cytokines and implantation.","volume":"3","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Reprod Fertil"},{"key":"2020071618054916200_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a138621","article-title":"Cytokines and the hypothalamic pituitary-ovarian-endometrial axis.","volume":"9","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2020071618054916200_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2411","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a138460","article-title":"Tumour necrosis factor a inhibits in vitro decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells.","volume":"9","author":"Inoue","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2020071618054916200_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a138719","article-title":"Perivascular location of a chemokine interieukin-8 in human endometrium: a preliminary report.","volume":"9","author":"Critchley","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2020071618054916200_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.2.2.3277884","article-title":"Biology of interleukin 1.","volume":"2","year":"1988","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"2020071618054916200_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2969618","article-title":"cDNA expression cloning of the IL-1 receptor, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily.","volume":"241","author":"Sims","year":"1988","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2020071618054916200_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2600657","article-title":"The IL-1 receptor in Raji human B-lymphoma cells. 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