{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T03:30:16Z","timestamp":1774668616474,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,12]],"date-time":"2023-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686528000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":42,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Lipodystrophy syndromes are rare metabolic disorders characterized by local or generalized loss of adipose tissue, resulting in insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and cosmetic disfiguration. The lipodystrophic phenotype is highly variable, with partial lipodystrophy often missed or misdiagnosed as other diseases from a lack of a proper physical examination and low physician awareness. Correct diagnosis is important for optimal treatment and follow-up strategies in these patients. The use of GLP-1 analogs has not been systematically evaluated in lipodystrophy and could be a potential precision medicine therapy. We aim to make the reader, particularly generalists or endocrinologists outside of tertiary referral centers, aware of the presentation and clinical features of partial lipodystrophy, emphasize the role of a full physical examination in diagnosis, and discuss therapeutic options, including GLP-1\u2013based glycemic management illustrated by our clinical case.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/jcemcr\/luad066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,12]],"date-time":"2023-06-12T13:23:54Z","timestamp":1686576234000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A Visual Diagnosis: Lipodystrophy"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"1","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0304-4044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salman Zahoor","family":"Bhat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, John Hopkins School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD 21287 , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2589-7382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca J","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892 , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8310-251X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronadip R","family":"Banerjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, John Hopkins School of Medicine , Asthma & Allergy Building, Baltimore, MD 21224 , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"2023061212581212600_luad066-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4500","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-2466","article-title":"The diagnosis and management of lipodystrophy syndromes: a multi-society practice guideline","volume":"101","author":"Brown","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023061212581212600_luad066-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2007.01.023","article-title":"The lost art of clinical skills","volume":"120","author":"Feddock","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023061212581212600_luad066-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1819","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.6.1819","article-title":"K\u00f6bberling type of familial partial lipodystrophy: an underrecognized syndrome","volume":"26","author":"Herbst","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023061212581212600_luad066-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-016-1002-x","article-title":"Type 1 familial partial lipodystrophy: understanding the K\u00f6bberling syndrome","volume":"54","author":"Guill\u00edn-Amarelle","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023061212581212600_luad066-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3714","article-title":"Integrative genomic analysis implicates limited peripheral adipose storage capacity in the pathogenesis of human insulin resistance","volume":"49","author":"Lotta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023061212581212600_luad066-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1802","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-4491","article-title":"Partial and generalized lipodystrophy: comparison of baseline characteristics and response to metreleptin","volume":"100","author":"Diker-Cohen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023061212581212600_luad066-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-016-1175-1","article-title":"Glucagon-like peptide-1 analogues - an efficient therapeutic option for the severe insulin resistance of lipodystrophic syndromes: two case reports","volume":"11","author":"Oliveira","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Med Case Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023061212581212600_luad066-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1422","DOI":"10.2337\/db13-1609","article-title":"GLP-1\/glucagon coagonism restores leptin responsiveness in obese mice chronically maintained on an obesogenic diet","volume":"63","author":"Clemmensen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023061212581212600_luad066-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/s13098-017-0226-0","article-title":"Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 levels are increased and partially related to body fat distribution in patients with familial partial lipodystrophy type 2","volume":"9","author":"Valerio","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetol Metab Syndr"},{"issue":"12","key":"2023061212581212600_luad066-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.13527","article-title":"Insulin secretory defect in familial partial lipodystrophy type 2 and successful long-term treatment with a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist","volume":"34","author":"Banning","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabet Med"}],"container-title":["JCEM Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcemcr\/article-pdf\/1\/3\/luad066\/50572409\/luad066.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcemcr\/article-pdf\/1\/3\/luad066\/50572409\/luad066.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,12]],"date-time":"2023-06-12T13:24:05Z","timestamp":1686576245000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcemcr\/article\/doi\/10.1210\/jcemcr\/luad066\/7194108"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jcemcr\/luad066","relation":{},"ISSN":["2755-1520"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2755-1520","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"article-number":"luad066"}}