{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T13:52:08Z","timestamp":1753883528747,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,28]],"date-time":"2023-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687910400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":58,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Pituitary apoplexy is a potentially fatal clinical condition that results from pituitary infarction due to ischemia or hemorrhage. We present a case of a 53-year-old female patient with a history of recurrent pituitary macroadenoma who presented with headache, blurry vision, nausea, vomiting, and photophobia after receiving a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist, leuprolide, as part of adjuvant endocrine therapy for breast cancer. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed the presence of pituitary apoplexy, and endocrine workup showed anterior hypopituitarism. The patient was managed conservatively and required glucocorticoid replacement. A repeat MRI after 3 months showed a partially empty sella. A review of the literature revealed that this case adds to the growing number of patients who present with headache, visual symptoms, and symptoms related to meningeal irritation after administration of GnRH agonists, with varying latency from treatment to symptom onset. Although there are other cases involving female patients or patients with known pituitary macroadenomas, to our knowledge, this is the first reported case of pituitary apoplexy in a patient receiving a GnRH agonist as an adjuvant for breast cancer. Physicians should be aware of this rare complication of GnRH agonist therapy in patients with a pituitary macroadenoma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/jcemcr\/luad069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,28]],"date-time":"2023-06-28T10:34:49Z","timestamp":1687948489000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pituitary Apoplexy Secondary to Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist for Breast Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Katherine","family":"Mastandrea","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Allegheny General Hospital , Pittsburgh, PA 15090 , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mihail","family":"Voica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Allegheny General Hospital , Pittsburgh, PA 15090 , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Tetlay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Allegheny General Hospital , Pittsburgh, PA 15090 , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7040-0689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farhad","family":"Hasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Allegheny General Hospital , Pittsburgh, PA 15090 , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2023062810344183700_luad069-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2015-1042","article-title":"Pituitary apoplexy","volume":"36","author":"Briet","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023062810344183700_luad069-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(89)80494-2","article-title":"Apoplexy of a pituitary adenoma after dynamic testing with gonadotropin-releasing hormone","volume":"87","author":"Arafah","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023062810344183700_luad069-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/S1054-139X(02)00372-5","article-title":"Pituitary apoplexy after leuprolide injection for ovum donation","volume":"32","author":"Engel","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"2023062810344183700_luad069-B4","article-title":"Sun-421 leuprolide injection induced pituitary apoplexy","volume":"3","author":"Jaggi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Endocr Soc"},{"issue":"20","key":"2023062810344183700_luad069-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3259","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v7.i20.3259","article-title":"Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist-induced pituitary adenoma apoplexy and casual finding of a parathyroid carcinoma: a case report and review of literature","volume":"7","author":"Trivi\u00f1o","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J Clin Cases"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023062810344183700_luad069-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590.2019.1706086","article-title":"Pituitary adenoma and apoplexy during GnRH agonist treatment for IVF\u2014case report","volume":"36","author":"Stefaniak","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023062810344183700_luad069-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-009-0202-2","article-title":"Apoplexy in non functioning pituitary adenoma after one dose of leuprolide as treatment for prostate cancer","volume":"13","author":"Guerra","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pituitary"}],"container-title":["JCEM Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcemcr\/article-pdf\/1\/3\/luad069\/50729835\/luad069.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcemcr\/article-pdf\/1\/3\/luad069\/50729835\/luad069.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,28]],"date-time":"2023-06-28T10:34:54Z","timestamp":1687948494000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcemcr\/article\/doi\/10.1210\/jcemcr\/luad069\/7209243"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jcemcr\/luad069","relation":{},"ISSN":["2755-1520"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2755-1520"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"article-number":"luad069"}}