{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T11:34:32Z","timestamp":1777030472996,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776988800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Gynecomastia is a relatively common condition arising from disproportionate concentrations of estrogen and androgen. Most cases of bilateral gynecomastia in men are idiopathic or drug-induced but can rarely arise secondary to malignancy. We present the case of a 57-year-old male who presented with new-onset gynecomastia and recurrent episodes of hematuria. Laboratory testing revealed elevated estradiol, free testosterone, and \u03b2-human chorionic gonadotropin (\u03b2-hCG) with suppressed luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), concerning for ectopic \u03b2-hCG secretion. Mammography, breast and testicular ultrasonography, and chest computed tomography demonstrated no evidence of breast, testicular, or lung malignancy. Concurrent evaluation of hematuria with cystoscopy identified a 6-cm tumor on the posterior bladder wall. The patient underwent transurethral resection of the bladder tumor and was diagnosed with papillary high-grade T1 urothelial carcinoma. The \u03b2-hCG immunohistochemical staining of the tumor was positive, and the patient's \u03b2-hCG level was undetectable 1 month postoperatively. A review of the literature revealed there are only a few reports detailing urothelial carcinomas capable of secreting \u03b2-hCG. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of a \u03b2-hCG-secreting papillary T1 urothelial carcinoma initially presenting as gynecomastia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/jcemcr\/luag064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T12:41:42Z","timestamp":1771936902000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Rare \u03b2-human chorionic gonadotrophin-secreting urothelial carcinoma initially presenting as gynecomastia"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2355-4440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gillian M","family":"Hoogstraet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri School of Medicine, Springfield Clinical Campus, Springfield, MO 65809 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Gathaiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CoxHealth, Adult Medicine and Endocrinology Specialists, Springfield, MO 65807 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul W","family":"Koontz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CoxHealth, Pathology Services of Springfield, Springfield, MO 65807 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2026042406351551900_luag064-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12636","article-title":"EAA clinical practice guidelines\u2014gynecomastia evaluation and management","volume":"7","author":"Kanakis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Andrology"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026042406351551900_luag064-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2014.139","article-title":"Gynaecomastia\u2014pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment","volume":"10","author":"Narula","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026042406351551900_luag064-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-16-0643","article-title":"Gynaecomastia in 786 adult men: clinical and biochemical findings","volume":"176","author":"Mieritz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2026042406351551900_luag064-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.21037\/abs-20-124","article-title":"Gynecomastia","volume":"5","author":"Sharp","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Breast Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026042406351551900_luag064-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.129104","article-title":"Gynecomastia: clinical evaluation and management","volume":"18","author":"Cuhaci","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"7545","key":"2026042406351551900_luag064-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.332.7545.837","article-title":"Testicular tumour presenting as gynaecomastia","volume":"332","author":"Harris","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042406351551900_luag064-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(37)91044-4","article-title":"Gynecomastia with concomitant testicular atrophy","volume":"35","author":"Goodman","year":"1937","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"2026042406351551900_luag064-B8","first-page":"146","article-title":"Galactorrhea, mastodynia and gynecomastia as the first manifestation of lung adenocarcinoma. A case report","volume":"26","author":"Lazopoulos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Respir Med Case Rep"},{"key":"2026042406351551900_luag064-B9","first-page":"P33","article-title":"Gynaecomastia as a paraneoplastic syndrome secondary to hCG secreting lung cancer","volume":"69","author":"Fernandez James","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endocr Abstr"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026042406351551900_luag064-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-008-0155-x","article-title":"Beta human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) expression in pituitary adenomas: relationship to endocrine function and tumour recurrence","volume":"12","author":"Doyle","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026042406351551900_luag064-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1310615","article-title":"Expression of chorionic gonadotrophin in human pituitary adenomas","volume":"131","author":"Levy","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026042406351551900_luag064-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1385\/EP:14:4:303","article-title":"Paraneoplastic endocrine syndromes: a review","volume":"14","author":"DeLellis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Endocr Pathol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026042406351551900_luag064-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R173","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-17-0036","article-title":"Paraneoplastic endocrine syndromes","volume":"24","author":"Dimitriadis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocr Relat Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042406351551900_luag064-B14","first-page":"42","article-title":"Gyn\u00e9comastie et cancer de la vessie: mise en \u00e9vidence d'une s\u00e9cr\u00e9tion ectopique d'hormone gonadotrophine chorionique [Gynecomastia and cancer of the bladder: an ectopic secretion of chorionic gonadotropin hormone]","volume":"18","author":"Caron","year":"1984","journal-title":"Ann Urol (Paris)"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026042406351551900_luag064-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2017.01.010","article-title":"Hypertestosteronemia and infertility from a mediastinal extragonadal germ cell tumor","volume":"130","author":"Dimitriadis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042406351551900_luag064-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1002\/iju5.12036","article-title":"Bladder cancer metastasis producing beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin, squamous cell carcinoma antigen, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, and parathyroid hormone-related protein","volume":"2","author":"Hoshi","year":"2019","journal-title":"IJU Case Rep"},{"key":"2026042406351551900_luag064-B17","first-page":"20","article-title":"The expression of beta human chorionic gonadotrophin (\u03b2-HCG) in human urothelial carcinoma","volume":"7","author":"Venyo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pan Afr Med J"}],"container-title":["JCEM Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcemcr\/article-pdf\/4\/5\/luag064\/68147551\/luag064.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcemcr\/article-pdf\/4\/5\/luag064\/68147551\/luag064.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T10:35:27Z","timestamp":1777026927000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcemcr\/article\/doi\/10.1210\/jcemcr\/luag064\/8661720"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jcemcr\/luag064","relation":{},"ISSN":["2755-1520"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2755-1520","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"article-number":"luag064"}}