{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T19:44:17Z","timestamp":1790451857362,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776988800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) is the most common autoimmune thyroid disorder, marked by lymphocytic inflammation and progressive hypothyroidism. Its pathophysiology involves both T-cell-mediated tissue destruction and the production of autoantibodies against thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and thyroglobulin, with TPO antibodies present in over 90% of cases. Standard treatment with thyroid hormone replacement can leave residual symptoms, highlighting the need for disease-modifying therapies. Recent advances in immunotherapy have identified Janus kinase inhibitors, such as tofacitinib and baricitinib, as promising agents for autoimmune conditions. These drugs target the Janus kinase\/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway, which mediates pro-inflammatory cytokines implicated in HT, including interferon-\u03b3 and interleukin-6. We report a case of a 44-year-old woman with both alopecia universalis and HT who experienced normalization of TPO antibody levels, no longer requiring thyroid hormone treatment following JAK inhibitor therapy for alopecia universalis\u2014suggesting possible reversal of HT. This case highlights the immunomodulatory potential of JAK inhibitors in HT and supports further investigation into their therapeutic role in addressing both hormonal and autoimmune mechanisms in thyroid disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/jcemcr\/luag074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T12:26:04Z","timestamp":1772454364000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Resolution of Hashimoto thyroiditis with Janus kinase inhibitor therapy in a patient with alopecia universalis"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8000-1323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susanne Ursula","family":"Trost","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4619-4774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Radulescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026042406361523900_luag074-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1020709","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.1020709","article-title":"Global prevalence and epidemiological trends of Hashimoto's thyroiditis in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"2026042406361523900_luag074-B2","volume-title":"William's Endocrinology","author":"Melmed","year":"2024"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026042406361523900_luag074-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5422","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2003-0918","article-title":"Complement activation by direct C4 binding to thyroperoxidase in Hashimoto's thyroiditis","volume":"144","author":"Blanchin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042406361523900_luag074-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-28120-2","article-title":"Lymphocyte infiltration and thyrocyte destruction are driven by stromal and immune cell components in Hashimoto's thyroiditis","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026042406361523900_luag074-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-112815","article-title":"Anti-thyroperoxidase antibody levels &gt;500IU\/mL indicate a moderately increased risk for developing hypothyroidism in autoimmune thyroiditis","volume":"48","author":"Ehlers","year":"2016","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026042406361523900_luag074-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-011-1130-x","article-title":"The incidence of lymphocytic thyroid infiltration and Hashimoto's thyroiditis increased in patients operated for benign goiter over a 31-year period","volume":"459","author":"Ott","year":"2011","journal-title":"Virchows Arch"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026042406361523900_luag074-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2014.0028","article-title":"Guidelines for the treatment of hypothyroidism: prepared by the American thyroid association task force on thyroid hormone replacement","volume":"24","author":"Jonklaas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026042406361523900_luag074-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-021-00625-8","article-title":"Primary hypothyroidism and quality of life","volume":"18","author":"Hegedus","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"13","key":"2026042406361523900_luag074-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6883","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25136883","article-title":"The role of the immune system in the course of Hashimoto's thyroiditis: the current state of knowledge","volume":"25","author":"Wronska","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2026042406361523900_luag074-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2022.106362","article-title":"Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors in the treatment of neoplastic and inflammatory disorders","volume":"183","author":"Roskoski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026042406361523900_luag074-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-021-00726-8","article-title":"Janus kinase-targeting therapies in rheumatology: a mechanisms-based approach","volume":"18","author":"Tanaka","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"2026042406361523900_luag074-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934003","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.934003","article-title":"Restoration of euthyroidism with levothyroxine: implications of etiology of hypothyroidism and the degree of residual endogenous thyroid function","volume":"13","author":"Jonklaas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026042406361523900_luag074-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-0284","article-title":"Thyroidectomy versus medical management for euthyroid patients with Hashimoto disease and persisting symptoms: a randomized trial","volume":"170","author":"Guldvog","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042406361523900_luag074-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldr030","article-title":"The epidemiology of thyroid disease","volume":"99","author":"Vanderpump","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br Med Bull"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026042406361523900_luag074-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2008.0008","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of antithyroid peroxidase antibodies in patients with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto's thyroiditis) treated with levothyroxine","volume":"18","author":"Schmidt","year":"2008","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026042406361523900_luag074-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.4.8421","article-title":"Selenium supplementation in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis decreases thyroid peroxidase antibodies concentrations","volume":"87","author":"G\u00e4rtner","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042406361523900_luag074-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-024-03374-x","article-title":"JAK inhibitors attenuate hyperactivation of nonswitched memory B cells in rheumatoid arthritis patients in remission","volume":"26","author":"Luo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"18","key":"2026042406361523900_luag074-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2110343","article-title":"Two phase 3 trials of baricitinib for alopecia areata","volume":"386","author":"King","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026042406361523900_luag074-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-021-05894-2","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of tofacitinib by background methotrexate dose in psoriatic arthritis: post hoc exploratory analysis from two phase III trials","volume":"41","author":"Kivitz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026042406361523900_luag074-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.16753","article-title":"Randomised clinical trial: a phase 1b study of GB004, an oral HIF-1alpha stabiliser, for treatment of ulcerative colitis","volume":"55","author":"Danese","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042406361523900_luag074-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-021-00266-6","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis: an expanding therapeutic pipeline for a complex disease","volume":"21","author":"Bieber","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"issue":"10244","key":"2026042406361523900_luag074-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30609-7","article-title":"Ruxolitinib cream for treatment of vitiligo: a randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial","volume":"396","author":"Rosmarin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026042406361523900_luag074-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03345149","article-title":"Role for interferon-gamma inducible chemokines in endocrine autoimmunity: an expanding field","volume":"26","author":"Rotondi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026042406361523900_luag074-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.016","article-title":"Autoimmune thyroid disorders","volume":"14","author":"Antonelli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"}],"container-title":["JCEM Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcemcr\/article-pdf\/4\/5\/luag074\/68147567\/luag074.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcemcr\/article-pdf\/4\/5\/luag074\/68147567\/luag074.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T10:36:25Z","timestamp":1777026985000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcemcr\/article\/doi\/10.1210\/jcemcr\/luag074\/8661723"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jcemcr\/luag074","relation":{},"ISSN":["2755-1520"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2755-1520","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"article-number":"luag074"}}