{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T16:12:29Z","timestamp":1778256749577,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We present a case of a 76-year-old female with a history of papillary thyroid cancer treated with a total thyroidectomy, central neck dissection, and radioactive iodine (RAI) in 2006. Sixteen years later, she was found to have lung metastases and underwent a treatment dose of RAI. Given no improvement in her thyroglobulin levels, she underwent a third dose of RAI. One week following this, she presented with new ophthalmalgia, conjunctival injection, and binocular diagonal diplopia. She was diagnosed with a complex ophthalmoplegia, and a magnetic resonance imaging scan of her orbits revealed symmetric bilateral exophthalmos and bilateral enlargement of her extraocular muscles suggesting Graves ophthalmopathy. Her TSH receptor antibody was elevated at 10.1\u2005IU\/L (reference range, &amp;lt;1.8\u2005IU\/L), consistent with de novo Graves disease. We highlight the possibility that an overflow of TSH-receptor antigens following RAI treatment in patients with metastatic thyroid cancer can lead to the formation of TSH-receptor antibodies, presenting as Graves ophthalmopathy many years following total thyroidectomy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/jcemcr\/luag078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T12:55:06Z","timestamp":1772283306000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development of Graves orbitopathy after thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2375-7389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Hormiz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Austin Health , Melbourne, VIC 3084 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lochlan","family":"Sydenham-Clarke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Austin Health , Melbourne, VIC 3084 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noor","family":"Lammoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Alfred Health , Melbourne, VIC 3004 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3933-5708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey D","family":"Zajac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Austin Health , Melbourne, VIC 3084 ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, VIC 3010 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8261-3457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mathis","family":"Grossmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Austin Health , Melbourne, VIC 3084 ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, VIC 3010 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9323-5655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lik Hui","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Northern Health , Melbourne, VIC 3076 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2026050811393484900_luag078-B1","first-page":"52","article-title":"Graves\u2019 disease","volume":"6","author":"Davies","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026050811393484900_luag078-B2","first-page":"855","article-title":"Epidemiology and prevention of Graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy","volume":"12","author":"Wiersinga","year":"2002","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026050811393484900_luag078-B3","first-page":"3700","article-title":"Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy after treatment for Graves\u2019 hyperthyroidism with antithyroid drugs or iodine-131","volume":"94","author":"Tra\u0308isk","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026050811393484900_luag078-B4","first-page":"212","article-title":"Serial TSH-receptor antibody levels to guide the management of thyroid eye disease: the impact of smoking, immunosuppression, radio-iodine, and thyroidectomy","volume":"33","author":"Roos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eye"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026050811393484900_luag078-B5","first-page":"1","article-title":"2015 American thyroid association management guidelines for adult patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer: the American thyroid association guidelines task force on thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer","volume":"26","author":"Haugen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026050811393484900_luag078-B6","first-page":"1143","article-title":"A case of metastatic follicular thyroid carcinoma complicated with Graves\u2019 disease after total thyroidectomy","volume":"64","author":"Aoyama","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocr J"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026050811393484900_luag078-B7","first-page":"3571","article-title":"Hyperthyroidism due to 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