{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T04:15:49Z","timestamp":1778732149091,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Metastasis to the thyroid gland is an uncommon clinical finding that is often mistaken for primary thyroid carcinoma because of overlapping radiologic and cytologic features. We report three patients with thyroid metastases who underwent clinical evaluation, ultrasound, fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission\u2013computed tomography, fine-needle aspiration cytology, and confirmatory histopathology with immunohistochemistry (IHC) to establish the primary source. All three patients presented with thyroid nodules classified as Bethesda VI on cytology with cellular features pointing toward a nonthyroid origin. Cell block preparation and, in selected cases, IHC were essential for distinguishing metastases to the thyroid gland from a primary thyroid carcinoma. The primary tumors identified in this series were a gastric adenocarcinoma with signet ring morphology, a choriocarcinoma, and a leiomyosarcoma. These cases highlight that, although rare, thyroid metastases should be considered in the differential diagnosis of atypical thyroid nodules. In cases where sonographic findings resemble those of primary thyroid cancer, it is essential to maintain a high index of suspicion in patients with suggestive cytological features. Accurate diagnosis relies on a combination of IHC, comprehensive whole-body imaging, and targeted biopsy of the suspected primary site.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/jcemcr\/luag119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T11:34:35Z","timestamp":1775561675000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Metastases to the thyroid gland from uncommon primaries: a case series"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Aabharana","family":"Rao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Junior Registrar, Department of General Medicine, Narayana Health , Bangalore, Karnataka 560099 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akhila","family":"Lakshmikantha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consultant, Department of Histopathology, Narayana Health , Bangalore, Karnataka 560099 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Swarathika","family":"Majumdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consultant, Department of Medical Oncology, Narayana Health , Bangalore, Karnataka 560099 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anirudh","family":"Shetty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consultant, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Narayana Health , Bangalore, Karnataka 560099 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nisheena","family":"Raghavan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consultant, Department of Histopathology, Narayana Health , Bangalore, Karnataka 560099 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4941-4821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Subramanian","family":"Kannan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consultant, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Narayana Health , Bangalore, Karnataka 560099 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2026051323532992500_luag119-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2010.0154","article-title":"Metastases to the thyroid: a review of the literature from the last decade","volume":"22","author":"Chung","year":"2012","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026051323532992500_luag119-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2007.02773.x","article-title":"Metastases to the thyroid gland: prevalence, clinicopathological aspects and prognosis: a 10-year experience","volume":"66","author":"Papi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026051323532992500_luag119-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-016-5683-4","article-title":"Metastasis to the thyroid gland: a critical review","volume":"24","author":"Nixon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026051323532992500_luag119-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1159\/000526572","article-title":"An extremely rare case of thyroid metastasis from advanced gastric cancer","volume":"15","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Case Rep Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026051323532992500_luag119-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2008.09.011","article-title":"Fine-needle aspiration of the thyroid: today and tomorrow","volume":"22","author":"Baloch","year":"2008","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026051323532992500_luag119-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-021-03123-7","article-title":"Metastatic choriocarcinoma in a young woman presenting as thyroid storm: a case report","volume":"15","author":"Saleem","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Med Case Rep"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026051323532992500_luag119-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2007.0082","article-title":"Metastasis of uterine leiomyosarcoma to the thyroid gland: case report and review of the literature","volume":"17","author":"Eloy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026051323532992500_luag119-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1111\/his.14246","article-title":"Metastasis to the thyroid gland: a single institution 16-year experience","volume":"78","author":"Ghossein","year":"2020","journal-title":"Histopathology"}],"container-title":["JCEM Case 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