{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T10:48:38Z","timestamp":1782989318340,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782950400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019779","name":"Qatar National Library","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019779","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Adipsic hypernatremia is a rare hypothalamic disorder characterized by impaired thirst despite preserved renal concentrating ability and may coexist with multisystem neuroendocrine and sleep disturbances. We report a 20-year-old male with beta-thalassemia minor presenting with severe hypernatremia with serum sodium of 170\u2005mEq\/L (SI: 170\u2005mmol\/L) (reference range 133-146\u2005mEq\/L [SI: 133-146\u2005mmol\/L]), absent thirst, weight loss, fatigue, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, and hyperprolactinemia, along with excessive daytime sleepiness, hypnagogic hallucinations, and emotion-triggered cataplexy. Laboratory evaluation confirmed preserved renal concentrating ability, and pituitary magnetic resonance imaging was normal. Findings were consistent with adipsic hypernatremia due to functional hypothalamic dysfunction, with coexisting severe obstructive sleep apnea confirmed on polysomnography (apnea\u2013hypopnea index [AHI] 35.9 events\/hour) and presumed narcolepsy with cataplexy. Management included structured fluid intake, testosterone replacement, cabergoline, wake-promoting agents (modafinil, methylphenidate), and continuous positive airway pressure therapy. This case underscores the complex interplay between hypothalamic dysfunction, endocrine abnormalities, and sleep disorders, highlighting the importance of early recognition and structured management to prevent recurrent hypernatremia and optimize clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/jcemcr\/luag173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T11:53:48Z","timestamp":1782302028000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Adipsic hypernatremia associated with hypothalamic dysfunction and sleep disorders"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3824-2673","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Draidi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation , PO Box 3050, Doha ,","place":["Qatar"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Ataelmanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation , PO Box 3050, Doha ,","place":["Qatar"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moaz O","family":"Moursi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation , PO Box 3050, Doha ,","place":["Qatar"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anas","family":"Aburamadan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation , PO Box 3050, Doha ,","place":["Qatar"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Naeem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation , PO Box 3050, Doha ,","place":["Qatar"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2026070205434419300_luag173-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12409","article-title":"Adipsic hypernatremia without hypothalamic lesions accompanied by autoantibodies to subfornical organ","volume":"27","author":"Hiyama","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Pathol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026070205434419300_luag173-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2007.02754.x","article-title":"Clinical insights into adipsic diabetes insipidus: a large case series","volume":"66","author":"Crowley","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2026070205434419300_luag173-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleepx.2024.100126","article-title":"Comorbidity of obstructive sleep apnea and narcolepsy: a challenging diagnosis and complex management","volume":"8","author":"Miano","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sleep Med X"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026070205434419300_luag173-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.14-0500","article-title":"Intermittent hypoxemia and OSA: implications for comorbidities","volume":"147","author":"Dewan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026070205434419300_luag173-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1988.tb03704.x","article-title":"Osmoregulation of vasopressin secretion and thirst in health and disease","volume":"29","author":"Baylis","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026070205434419300_luag173-B6","first-page":"580","article-title":"Hypothalamic adipic hypernatraemia syndrome with normal osmoregulation of vasopressin","volume":"163","author":"L\u00f3pez-Capap\u00e9","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"2026070205434419300_luag173-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1479764","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1479764","article-title":"Central and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: updates on diagnosis and management","volume":"15","author":"Flynn","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"issue":"13","key":"2026070205434419300_luag173-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6899","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23136899","article-title":"Autoimmunity related to adipsic hypernatremia and ROHHAD syndrome","volume":"23","author":"Nakamura-Utsunomiya","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2026070205434419300_luag173-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00630","article-title":"Adipsic diabetes insipidus-the challenging combination of polyuria and adipsia: a case report and review of literature","volume":"10","author":"Dalan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026070205434419300_luag173-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.11.012","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of adipsic diabetes insipidus","volume":"30","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026070205434419300_luag173-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2009.02.009","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea in narcolepsy","volume":"11","author":"Sansa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026070205434419300_luag173-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1007\/s13665-022-00297-3","article-title":"Comorbid narcolepsy and obstructive sleep apnea: a review","volume":"11","author":"Wojnowski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Pulmonol Rep"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026070205434419300_luag173-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5042","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI137560","article-title":"Hypoxia-inducible factors and obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"130","author":"Prabhakar","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2026070205434419300_luag173-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759234","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/759234","article-title":"Impact of sleep and its disturbances on hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis activity","volume":"2010","author":"Balbo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026070205434419300_luag173-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4234","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-1174","article-title":"Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation in obstructive sleep apnea: the effect of continuous positive airway pressure therapy","volume":"94","author":"Henley","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"}],"container-title":["JCEM Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcemcr\/article-pdf\/4\/8\/luag173\/68677255\/luag173.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcemcr\/article-pdf\/4\/8\/luag173\/68677255\/luag173.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T09:43:50Z","timestamp":1782985430000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcemcr\/article\/doi\/10.1210\/jcemcr\/luag173\/8723438"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jcemcr\/luag173","relation":{},"ISSN":["2755-1520"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2755-1520","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]},"article-number":"luag173"}}