{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T11:39:09Z","timestamp":1789472349765,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,29]],"date-time":"2020-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580256000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Reported international incidence rates of thyrotoxicosis vary markedly, ranging from 6 to 93 cases per 100\u2005000 per annum. Along with population demographics, exposures, and study design factors, ethnicity is increasingly being recognized as a potential factor influencing incidence. This study aimed to document the epidemiology and clinical presentation of thyrotoxicosis for M\u0101ori, the indigenous population in New Zealand.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A prospective study of adult patients presenting with a first diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis between January 2013 and October 2014 to a single New Zealand center. Demographic data were collected, and detailed clinical assessment performed.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>With 375 patients, an incidence rate of thyrotoxicosis of 73.0 per 100\u2005000 per annum was identified. Of these, 353 (94.1%) participated in the study. The median age of the cohort was 47 years, 81% were female, and 58% had Graves disease. The overall incidence of thyrotoxicosis for M\u0101ori, the indigenous people of New Zealand, was higher than non-M\u0101ori (123.9 vs 57.3 per 100\u2005000 per annum). Rates of both Graves disease and toxic multinodular goiter were higher in M\u0101ori as compared to non-M\u0101ori (incidence rate ratios of 1.9 [1.4, 2.6] and 5.3 [3.4, 8.3], respectively), with this increase being maintained after controlling for age, deprivation, and smoking.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>M\u0101ori, the indigenous people of New Zealand, have an increased incidence of thyrotoxicosis compared to non-M\u0101ori and, in particular, toxic multinodular goiter. A greater understanding of the epidemiology of thyrotoxicosis in other indigenous and marginalized ethnic groups may help to optimize therapeutic pathways, equitable care and outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/jendso\/bvaa002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,29]],"date-time":"2020-01-29T16:07:29Z","timestamp":1580314049000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Thyrotoxicosis in an Indigenous New Zealand Population \u2013 a Prospective Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4144-4316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jade A U","family":"Tamatea","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Waikato Clinical Campus, University of Auckland. Hamilton, New Zealand"},{"name":"Te Kupenga Hauora M\u0101ori, Tamaki Campus, University of Auckland Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2364-4776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Papaarangi","family":"Reid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Te Kupenga Hauora M\u0101ori, Tamaki Campus, University of Auckland Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0707-4988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John V","family":"Conaglen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Waikato Clinical Campus, University of Auckland. Hamilton, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0748-2300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marianne S","family":"Elston","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Waikato Clinical Campus, University of Auckland. 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