{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T20:47:30Z","timestamp":1788900450305,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,29]],"date-time":"2020-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606608000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We previously reported that inorganic iodine therapy in lactating women with Graves disease (GD) did not affect the thyroid function in 25 of 26 infants despite their exposure to excess iodine via breast milk.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To further assess thyroid function in infants nursed by mothers with GD treated with inorganic iodine.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Case series<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Tajiri Thyroid Clinic, Japan<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>One hundred infants of lactating mothers with GD treated with potassium iodide (KI) for thyrotoxicosis<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Infant blood thyrotropin (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) levels were measured by the filter paper method. Subclinical hypothyroidism was defined as TSH \u226510 \u03bcIU\/mL and \u22655 \u03bcIU\/mL in infants aged &amp;lt;6 and \u22656 months, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Overall, 210 blood samples were obtained from 100 infants. The median infant age was 5 (range, 0-23) months; median maternal KI dose, 50 (4-100) mg\/day; median blood TSH level, 2.7 (0.1-12.3) \u03bcIU\/mL; and median blood FT4 level, 1.04 (0.58-1.94) ng\/dL. Blood TSH level was normal in 88\/100 infants. Twelve infants had subclinical hypothyroidism; among them, blood TSH levels normalized after maternal KI withdrawal or stopping breastfeeding in 3 infants. In 7 infants, blood TSH levels normalized during KI administration without stopping breastfeeding. Two infants could not be followed up.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In Japan, inorganic iodine therapy for lactating women with GD did not affect thyroid function in most of the infants. Approximately 10% of infants had mild subclinical hypothyroidism, but blood TSH level normalized during continued or after discontinuing iodine exposure in all followed up infants.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/jendso\/bvaa187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,29]],"date-time":"2020-11-29T16:16:46Z","timestamp":1606666606000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Thyroid Function of Infants Breastfed by Mothers with Graves Disease Treated with Inorganic Iodine: A Study of 100 Cases"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4350-8528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katsuhiko","family":"Hamada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tajiri Thyroid Clinic, Kumamoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuya","family":"Mizokami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tajiri Thyroid Clinic, Kumamoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsushi","family":"Maruta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tajiri Thyroid Clinic, Kumamoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiichiro","family":"Higashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tajiri Thyroid Clinic, Kumamoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaoru","family":"Konishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Newborn Screening, Tokyo Health Service Association, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoko","family":"Momotani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yotsuya Thyroid Clinic, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junichi","family":"Tajiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tajiri Thyroid Clinic, Kumamoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2021121113031117000_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00613617","article-title":"Excretion of methimazole in human milk","volume":"23","author":"Johansen","year":"1982","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121113031117000_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-58-3-473","article-title":"Methimazole pharmacology in man: studies using a newly developed radioimmunoassay for methimazole","volume":"58","author":"Cooper","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"8171","key":"2021121113031117000_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(80)91233-7","article-title":"Propylthiouracil in human milk. 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