{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T11:48:09Z","timestamp":1791460089782,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"10","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012264","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012264","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"United States Veteran Administration Merit Review","award":["01BX006597"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01BX006597"]}]},{"name":"Merit Review","award":["01BX001966"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01BX001966"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Considerable literature regarding autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) has been published, but population-based prevalence estimates for US AITD are lacking.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To define the US population burden of AITD, its prevalence, the relative proportions of diagnosed and undiagnosed cases, and trends over time.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Nationally representative population-based data from the cross-sectional US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were used. The most recent NHANES thyroid data for the survey years 1988-1994 (n = 15 313) and the 2007-2012 (n = 8775) were analyzed to estimate adult AITD prevalence stratified by diagnostic status, age, and sex. Prevalence trends over time and the number of affected adults were also estimated.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>US AITD population prevalences were 5.2% in 1988-1994 and 5.3% in 2007-2012. In 1988-1994 AITD had only a 37% diagnosis rate, whereas the rate was 57% in 2007-2012. There was a 2-fold higher prevalence of AITD in women compared to men: 6.8% vs 3.2% in 1988-1994 and 7.7% vs 2.7% in the 2007-2012 survey data. Over time, women's diagnosis rates increased from 41% to 64%; however, men's rates remained low (29% to 36%) as did rates in younger adults ages 20 to 39 years (39% to 36%).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In the most recent data, an estimated 11.6 million US adults have AITD, 8.8 million women and 2.8 million men. AITD prevalence rates were stable over time; however, the US burden of undiagnosed cases remains substantial. One third of women and 64% of men and younger adults remained undiagnosed, an estimated 2.5 million women, 1.6 million men, and 1.3 million younger adults.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/jendso\/bvaf120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,17]],"date-time":"2025-07-17T08:14:37Z","timestamp":1752740077000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Autoimmune Thyroid Disease in the United States: Population Prevalence, Diagnosis Rates, and Trends"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0621-0175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charles F","family":"Dillon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH , Durham, NC 27709 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael H","family":"Weisman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford University School of Medicine , Palo 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