{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T02:11:14Z","timestamp":1767838274001,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Decidualization is essential for a successful pregnancy and is a tightly regulated process influenced by the local microenvironment. Lipid-based mediators, such as the endocannabinoid anandamide, and other compounds that have cannabimimetic actions may act on the decidua during early pregnancy. In this study, the levels of N-arachidonoylethanolamine (anandamide) and two other N-acylethanolamines, N-oleoylethanolamine and N-palmitoylethanolamine, were measured in rat plasma and maternal tissues between d 8 and 19 of pregnancy by ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The spatiotemporal expression of N-acylethanolamine metabolizing enzymes in implantation units were also determined by quantitative PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry and shown to vary with gestation being mainly localized in decidual cells. The data also indicated that plasma and tissues levels of all three N-acylethanolamines fluctuate throughout pregnancy. Tissue levels of endocannabinoids did not correlate with plasma, suggesting that during pregnancy, maternal tissue levels of endocannabinoids are primarily regulated by in situ production and degradation to create endocannabinoid gradients conducive to successful pregnancy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2009-1424","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,10]],"date-time":"2010-06-10T01:11:27Z","timestamp":1276132287000},"page":"3965-3974","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["N-Acylethanolamine Levels and Expression of Their Metabolizing Enzymes during Pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"151","author":[{"given":"B. M.","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqui\u0301mica (B.M.F., G.C.-d.-S., N.A.T.), Faculdade de Farma\u0301cia, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal;"},{"name":"Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (B.M.F., G.C.-d.-S., N.A.T.), Universidade do Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal;"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Correia-da-Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqui\u0301mica (B.M.F., G.C.-d.-S., N.A.T.), Faculdade de Farma\u0301cia, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal;"},{"name":"Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (B.M.F., G.C.-d.-S., N.A.T.), Universidade do Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal;"}]},{"given":"A. H.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocannabinoid Research Group (A.H.T., P.M.W.L., T.H.M., J.C.K., S.C.B.), Reproductive Sciences Section, Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester, Leicestershire, LE2 7LX, United Kingdom"}]},{"given":"P. M. W.","family":"Lam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocannabinoid Research Group (A.H.T., P.M.W.L., T.H.M., J.C.K., S.C.B.), Reproductive Sciences Section, Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester, Leicestershire, LE2 7LX, United Kingdom"}]},{"given":"T. H.","family":"Marczylo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqui\u0301mica (B.M.F., G.C.-d.-S., N.A.T.), Faculdade de Farma\u0301cia, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal;"}]},{"given":"J. C.","family":"Konje","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocannabinoid Research Group (A.H.T., P.M.W.L., T.H.M., J.C.K., S.C.B.), Reproductive Sciences Section, Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester, Leicestershire, LE2 7LX, United Kingdom"}]},{"given":"S. C.","family":"Bell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocannabinoid Research Group (A.H.T., P.M.W.L., T.H.M., J.C.K., S.C.B.), Reproductive Sciences Section, Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester, Leicestershire, LE2 7LX, United Kingdom"}]},{"given":"N. A.","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqui\u0301mica (B.M.F., G.C.-d.-S., N.A.T.), Faculdade de Farma\u0301cia, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal;"},{"name":"Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (B.M.F., G.C.-d.-S., N.A.T.), Universidade do Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal;"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020071612582067600_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5168","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0388","article-title":"Characterization of the endocannabinoid system in early human pregnancy.","volume":"89","author":"Helliwell","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612582067600_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5482","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0681","article-title":"Plasma levels of the endocannabinoid anandamide in women\u2014a potential role in pregnancy maintenance and labor?","volume":"89","author":"Habayeb","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612582067600_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmm018","article-title":"The role of the endocannabinoid system in gametogenesis, implantation and early pregnancy.","volume":"13","author":"Taylor","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"2020071612582067600_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1946","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1470919","article-title":"Isolation and structure of a brain constituent that binds to the cannabinoid receptor.","volume":"258","author":"Devane","year":"1992","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2020071612582067600_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0705666","article-title":"The endocannabinoid system: a general view and latest additions.","volume":"141","author":"De Petrocellis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2020071612582067600_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0704199","article-title":"Effects of homologues and analogues of palmitoylethanolamide upon the inactivation of the endocannabinoid anandamide.","volume":"133","author":"Jonsson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2020071612582067600_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867306666220401141630","article-title":"Cannabimimetic fatty acid derivatives: the anandamide family and other endocannabinoids.","volume":"6","author":"Di Marzo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Curr Med Chem"},{"key":"2020071612582067600_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0707481","article-title":"Novel cannabinoid receptors.","volume":"152","author":"Brown","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2020071612582067600_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1042\/BST0341095","article-title":"Cannabinoids and PPAR\u03b1 signalling.","volume":"34","author":"Sun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biochem Soc Trans"},{"key":"2020071612582067600_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0707460","article-title":"The orphan receptor GPR55 is a novel cannabinoid receptor.","volume":"152","author":"Ryberg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2020071612582067600_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0707464","article-title":"GPR55: a new member of the cannabinoid receptor clan?","volume":"152","author":"Pertwee","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2020071612582067600_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2699","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0711278105","article-title":"GPR55 is a cannabinoid receptor that increases intracellular calcium and inhibits M current.","volume":"105","author":"Lauckner","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2020071612582067600_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1247","article-title":"The molecular logic of endocannabinoid signalling.","volume":"4","author":"Piomelli","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"2020071612582067600_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612023395655","article-title":"Fatty acid amide hydrolase, an enzyme with many bioactive substrates. 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