{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T17:34:16Z","timestamp":1771954456808,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,9,1]],"date-time":"1999-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":936144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>To examine the effects of Sho-saiko-to extract on liver fibrosis, the drug was administered to rats with dimethylnitrosamine-induced liver-injury at various doses. Hydroxyproline and retinoid levels in the liver were measured as indicators of liver function.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>In liver-injured rats, the hydroxyproline level in the liver (957 \u00b1 154nmol g\u22121) was about 4.16-times that found in normal liver (230 \u00b1 11 nmol g\u22121), but administration of Sho-saiko-to extract (0.75%, 1.5% or 3%) reduced the hydroxyproline level significantly (554 \u00b1 58, 356 \u00b1 51, 374 \u00b1 66 nmol g\u22121, P &amp;lt; 0.01). Single administration of the active constituents of Sho-saiko-to extract, glycyrrhizin, baicalin or baicalein, decreased the hydroxyproline level significantly compared with the ordinary food group (P &amp;lt; 0.05), but the decrease was smaller compared with the Sho-saiko-to extract group. The liver retinoid level was higher in the Sho-saiko-to extract group than the ordinary food group and the value increased dose-dependently. A significant negative correlation, r = \u2212814 (P &amp;lt; 0.001) was detected between the hydroxyproline level and retinoid level in the liver of liver-injured rats. Significant negative correlations, r = 0.728 (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and r = \u22120.873 (P &amp;lt; 0.001), were also detected between the liver hydroxyproline level and the liver concentrations of the active constituents (glycyrretic acid, baicalin and baicalein) in the liver-injured rats.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>From these findings, it was considered that the liver concentrations of hydroxyproline and retinoid as well as the active constituents were involved in the improvement of liver fibrosis in the liver-injured rats administered Sho-saiko-to extract. Administration of Sho-saiko-to extract inhibited collagen production while an increase in retinoid level inhibited activation of Ito cells leading to inhibition and prevention of liver fibrosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1211\/0022357991773429","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,1]],"date-time":"2002-10-01T22:04:05Z","timestamp":1033509845000},"page":"1079-1084","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Effects of Sho-saiko-to Extract on Liver Fibrosis in Relation to the Changes in Hydroxyproline and Retinoid Levels of the Liver in Rats"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Masahide","family":"Ono","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Kochi Medical School Hospital , Kohasu, Okoh-cho, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mitsuhiko","family":"Miyamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Kochi Medical School Hospital , Kohasu, Okoh-cho, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shojiro","family":"Kyotani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Kochi Medical School Hospital , Kohasu, Okoh-cho, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshiji","family":"Saibara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Department of Internal Medicine, Kochi Medical School , Kohasu, Okoh-cho, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saburo","family":"Ohnishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Department of Internal Medicine, Kochi Medical School , Kohasu, Okoh-cho, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yutaka","family":"Nishioka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Kochi Medical School Hospital , Kohasu, Okoh-cho, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024103110050881400_cit1","first-page":"901","article-title":"Morphology of Ito cells with special reference to activated Ito cells","volume":"24","author":"Enzan","year":"1992","journal-title":"Kan Sui Tan"},{"key":"2024103110050881400_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840070112","article-title":"Serum type V procollagen peptide concentrations in severe chronic active hepatitis: relationship to cirrhosis and disease activity","volume":"7","author":"McCullough","year":"1987","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2024103110050881400_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1248\/yakushi1947.116.3_209","article-title":"Properties of glycyrrhizin in kampo extracts including liquorice root and changes in the blood concentration of glycyrrhetic acid after oral administration of kampo extracts","volume":"116","author":"Miyamura","year":"1996","journal-title":"Yakugaku Zasshi"},{"key":"2024103110050881400_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1998.tb03311.x","article-title":"Effects of Sho-saiko-to extract on fibrosis and regeneration of the liver in rats","volume":"50","author":"Miyamura","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"2024103110050881400_cit5","first-page":"141","article-title":"In situ analysis of c-myc gene expression during rat liver regeneration after hepatectomy","volume":"34","author":"Miyazawa","year":"1993","journal-title":"Liver"},{"key":"2024103110050881400_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1248\/cpb.40.1335","article-title":"Influence of time of administration of a sho-saiko-to extract granule on blood concentration of its active constituents","volume":"40","author":"Nishioka","year":"1992","journal-title":"Chem. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"2024103110050881400_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(79)80170-5","article-title":"Collagen types in normal and cirrhotic liver","volume":"76","author":"Rojkind","year":"1979","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2024103110050881400_cit8","first-page":"1","article-title":"Research on hydroxyproline(I). A new method for measuring serum and urinary hydroxyproline","volume":"14","author":"Sugano","year":"1991","journal-title":"Kiki Siyaku"},{"key":"2024103110050881400_cit9","first-page":"509","article-title":"Collagen production in fat storing cells after carbon tetrachloride intoxication in the rat. Immuno-electron microscopic observation of type T, type V collagens, and prolyl hydroxylase","volume":"50","author":"Takahara","year":"1988","journal-title":"Lab. Invest."},{"key":"2024103110050881400_cit10","first-page":"107","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of TJ-9 after single administration in Japanese healthy male volunteers","volume":"23","author":"Uchida","year":"1995","journal-title":"Jpn. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"2024103110050881400_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.2183\/pjab.58.173","article-title":"Studies on fat-storing cell. Demonstration of vitamin A in isolated lipid granules","volume":"58","author":"Yumoto","year":"1982","journal-title":"Proc. Jpn. Acad."}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1211%2F0022357991773429","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jpp\/article-pdf\/51\/9\/1079\/60263181\/0022357991773429.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jpp\/article-pdf\/51\/9\/1079\/60263181\/0022357991773429.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,31]],"date-time":"2024-10-31T10:42:01Z","timestamp":1730371321000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jpp\/article\/51\/9\/1079\/6157366"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,9,1]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,9,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1211\/0022357991773429","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3573","2042-7158"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3573","type":"print"},{"value":"2042-7158","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[1999,9]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,9,1]]}}}