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Licochalcone A showed a concentration-dependent relaxant effect on the contraction induced by carbachol (50% effective concentration (EC50) = 5.64 \u00b1 1.61 \u03bcm). KCl (EC50 5.12 \u00b1 1.68 \u03bcm), BaCl2 (EC50 1.97 \u00b1 0.48 \u03bcm) and A23187 (EC50 2.63 \u00b1 2.05 \u03bcm). Pretreatment with licochalcone A enhanced the relaxant effect of forskolin, an adenylyl cyclase activator, on the contraction in a similar manner to 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor. Furthermore, the IC50 (22.1 \u00b1 10.9 \u03bcm) of licochalcone A against cAMP PDE was similar to that of IBMX (26.2 \u00b1 7.4 \u03bcm). These results indicated that licochalcone A may have been responsible for the relaxant activity of G. inflata root and acted through the inhibition of cAMP PDE.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1211\/jpp.59.10.0013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,28]],"date-time":"2007-09-28T00:43:58Z","timestamp":1190940238000},"page":"1421-1426","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Antispasmodic activity of licochalcone A, a species-specific ingredient of <i>Glycyrrhiza inflata<\/i> roots"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Hidemasa","family":"Nagai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama , 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama , 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ju-Xiu","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama , 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama , 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tadato","family":"Tani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama , 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka-Ohtani University , 3-11-1 Nishikiori-kita, Tondabayashi, Osaka 584-8540,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teruaki","family":"Akao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama , 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024103109353409800_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(01)00202-8","article-title":"Chalcones from Chinese liquorice inhibit proliferation of T cells and production of cytokines","volume":"2","author":"Barfod","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. 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