{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T21:43:24Z","timestamp":1769550204397,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,1]],"date-time":"2007-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1175385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Hops (Humulus lupulus, Cannabinaceae) has been used in traditional European medicine as a mild sedative for the treatment of anxiety, nervousness, and insomnia. However, there has been little information available about the underlying sleep inducing mechanism of hops. We have investigated the effects of a hops extract on the rectal body temperature in mice. Hops extract (250 mg kg\u22121) significantly decreased body temperature in male BL6\/C57J mice (\u0394T \u22120.75 \u00b1 0.07\u00b0C) 2 h after oral administration. The effects of the plant extract were comparable with melatonin (50 mg kg\u22121; \u0394T \u22120.66 \u00b1 0.06\u00b0C; 2 h after i.p. injection). The hypothermic effects of melatonin and hops extract were antagonized with the competitive melatonin receptor antagonist luzindole. Thus, our data suggests that the hypothermic-and therefore the sleep-inducing-effects of hops extract are possibly mediated through activation of melatonin receptors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1211\/jpp.59.4.0009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,1]],"date-time":"2007-04-01T23:16:18Z","timestamp":1175469378000},"page":"549-552","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Hypothermic effects of hops are antagonized with the competitive melatonin receptor antagonist luzindole in mice"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Veronika","family":"Butterweck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida , Gainesville, P.O. Box 100494, 32610,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Brattstroem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zeller Medical AG , 8590 Romanshorn,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Grundmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida , Gainesville, P.O. Box 100494, 32610,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Uwe","family":"Koetter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zeller Medical AG , 8590 Romanshorn,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024103109351241800_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2004.03.005","article-title":"In vitro binding experiments with a valerian, hops and their fixed combination extract (Ze91019) to selected central nervous system receptors","volume":"11","author":"Abourashed","year":"2004","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"2024103109351241800_cit2","volume-title":"The Complete German Commission E Monograph: therapeutic guide to herbal medicine.","author":"Blumenthal","year":"1998"},{"key":"2024103109351241800_cit3","first-page":"310","article-title":"Estudio Framacodinamico del Lupulo (Humulus lupulus L.) 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Endocrinol."},{"key":"2024103109351241800_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.publhealth.22.1.15","article-title":"U-shaped dose-responses in biology, toxicology and public health","volume":"22","author":"Calabrese","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Public Health"},{"key":"2024103109351241800_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1539-6924.1999.tb00404.x","article-title":"Hormesis: a highly generalizable and reproducible phenomenon with important implications for risk assessment","volume":"19","author":"Calabrese","year":"1999","journal-title":"Risk Anal."},{"key":"2024103109351241800_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1021\/jf034737u","article-title":"Mechanisms of cancer chemoprevention by hop bitter acids (beer aroma) through induction of apoptosis mediated by Fas and caspase cascades","volume":"52","author":"Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Agricul. Food Chem."},{"key":"2024103109351241800_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.1996.tb00258.x","article-title":"The hypothermic effect of melatonin on core body temperature: is more better","volume":"20","author":"Dawson","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Pineal Res."},{"key":"2024103109351241800_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(94)90282-8","article-title":"Acute phase-shifting effects of melatonin associated with suppression of core body temperature in humans","volume":"178","author":"Deacon","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"2024103109351241800_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1177\/074873049701200618","article-title":"Melatonin and the circadian regulation of sleep initiation, consolidation, structure, and the sleep EEG","volume":"12","author":"Dijk","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Biol. Rhythms"},{"key":"2024103109351241800_cit13","first-page":"902","article-title":"Luzindole (N-0774): a novel melatonin receptor antagonist","volume":"246","author":"Dubocovich","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"2024103109351241800_cit14","first-page":"385","article-title":"Effect of a fixed valerian-Hop extract combination (Ze 91019) on sleep polygraphy in patients with non-organic insomnia: a pilot study","volume":"5","author":"Fussel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Res."},{"key":"2024103109351241800_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1999.905ad.x","article-title":"Daytime melatonin and temazepam in young adult humans: equivalent effects on sleep latency and body temperatures","volume":"514","author":"Gilbert","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. 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Communications: contents of 2-methyl-3-butene-2-ol in hops and hop preparation","volume":"45","author":"Haensel","year":"1982","journal-title":"Planta Med."},{"key":"2024103109351241800_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/20.2.124","article-title":"Sleep-promoting and hypothermic effects of daytime melatonin administration in humans","volume":"20","author":"Hughes","year":"1997","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"2024103109351241800_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S92","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(01)00315-3","article-title":"Circadian clues to sleep onset mechanisms","volume":"25","author":"Krauchi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"2024103109351241800_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A691","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-959980","article-title":"Effects of Humulus lupulus extract on the central nervous system in mice","volume":"59","author":"Lee","year":"1993","journal-title":"Planta Med."},{"key":"2024103109351241800_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2249","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.84.6.5887","article-title":"Identification of a potent phytoestrogen in hops (Humulus lupulus L.) and beer","volume":"84","author":"Milligan","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"2024103109351241800_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-6915(99)00019-8","article-title":"Antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects of prenylated flavonoids from hops (Humulus lupulus) in human cancer cell lines","volume":"37","author":"Miranda","year":"1999","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"2024103109351241800_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/28.11.1465","article-title":"Valerian-hops combination and diphenhydramine for treating insomnia: a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial","volume":"28","author":"Morin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"2024103109351241800_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1097\/00002826-200111000-00004","article-title":"Hypothermic action of exogenously administered melatonin is dose-dependent in humans","volume":"24","author":"Satoh","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Neuropharmacol."},{"key":"2024103109351241800_cit26","volume-title":"Wirkungen von Zubereitungen aus Humulus lupulus L. In pharmakologischen Modellen","author":"Schiller","year":"2002"},{"key":"2024103109351241800_cit27","first-page":"291","article-title":"Comparative study for assessing quality of life of patients with exogenous sleep disorders (temporary sleep onset and sleep interruption disorders) treated with a hops-valerian preparation and a benzodiazepine drug","volume":"148","author":"Schmitz","year":"1998","journal-title":"Wien Med Wochenschr"},{"key":"2024103109351241800_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-09666-6_3","article-title":"Hopfenzapfen und Hopfendruesen","volume-title":"Rationale phytotherapie.","author":"Schulz","year":"2004"},{"key":"2024103109351241800_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2001.5934","article-title":"Inhibition of angiogenesis by humulone, a bitter acid from beer hop","volume":"289","author":"Shimamura","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. 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