{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T20:39:35Z","timestamp":1789850375405,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,1]],"date-time":"2008-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1201824000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>In this study we investigated the relaxant effect of the aerial parts of Argemone ochroleuca (Papaveraceae), which is used in Mexican traditional medicine for the treatment of various respiratory diseases such as cough, bronchitis and asthma. The alkaloid berberine was identified as one of the active relaxant principles (EC50 = 118.50 \u00b1 3.91 \u03bcM) in the dichloromethane extract of A. ochroleuca (EC50 = 78.03 \u00b1 2.15 \u03bcg mL\u22121 with 95.12 \u00b1 3.56% of relaxation). Berberine concentration-dependently relaxed the carbachol-induced precontractions but not histamine- or KCl-induced precontraction. The relaxant effect of berberine was unaffected by the presence of propranolol (3 \u03bcM), glibenclamide (10 \u03bcM) or ODQ (10 \u03bcM). However, 2\u2032, 5\u2032-dideoxyadenosine (10 \u03bcM) blocked the log concentration-response curves of berberine. On the other hand, berberine produced a leftward shift of the log concentration-response curves of isoproterenol, forskolin and nitroprusside. Additionally, berberine produced a parallel rightward shift of the concentration-response curve of carbachol in a competitive manner with a pA2 of 3.87 \u00b1 0.045. The above results suggest that the relaxant effect of berberine on tracheal muscle is due to its antagonistic effect on muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1211\/jpp.60.2.0012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,22]],"date-time":"2008-01-22T00:48:07Z","timestamp":1200962887000},"page":"229-236","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Relaxant action mechanism of berberine identified as the active principle of <i>Argemone ochroleuca<\/i> Sweet in guinea-pig tracheal smooth muscle"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Mar\u00eda Elena","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Mendoza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Qu\u00edmica, Departamento de Farmacia, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico , M\u00e9xico D.F., 04510,","place":["M\u00e9xico"]},{"name":"Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional. Plan de San Luis y D\u00edaz Mir\u00f3n , Colonia Santo Tom\u00e1s, Delegaci\u00f3n Miguel Hidalgo 11340, M\u00e9xico D.F.,","place":["M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Castillo-Henkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional. Plan de San Luis y D\u00edaz Mir\u00f3n , Colonia Santo Tom\u00e1s, Delegaci\u00f3n Miguel Hidalgo 11340, M\u00e9xico D.F.,","place":["M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Navarrete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Qu\u00edmica, Departamento de Farmacia, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico , M\u00e9xico D.F., 04510,","place":["M\u00e9xico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024103109354678800_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0773.2000.pto870505.x","article-title":"Relaxant effects of Hydrastis canadensis L. and its major alkaloids on guinea pig isolated trachea","volume":"87","author":"Abdel-Haq","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pharmacol. 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