{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T17:27:40Z","timestamp":1787160460955,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,1]],"date-time":"2010-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1270080000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Total steroidal saponins extracted from the rhizome of Paris polyphylla (TSSP) have been used in China for the treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding. The aim of this study was to analyse the structure\u2013activity relationship of steroidal saponins purified from P. polyphylla Sm. var. yunnanensis on rat myometrial contractions, and investigate the synergism among themselves as well as with known inherent agonists, such as Prostaglandin F2\u03b1 (PGF-2\u03b1).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, 22 steroidal saponins purified from TSSP were screened for their contractile activity in isolated uterine strips from estrogen-primed rats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It was shown that spirostanol glycosides exhibited inducible or inhibitory activity in rat uterine contraction based on the difference of their structures, which was not only attributed in part to the number, the length and the position of sugar side chains attached by a glycoside, but also related to the structure of the aglycone. Furthermore, synergistic actions were observed among pennogenin or diosgenin glycosides as well as with the known inherent agonist PGF-2\u03b1, indicating they may share, at least in part, similar pathways with PGF-2\u03b1 in stimulating myometrial contractions. Finally, the contractile response of rat myometrium to spirostanol glycosides was significantly enhanced with advancing pregnancy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Together, these data support the possibility that some spirostanol glycosides may represent a new type of contractile agonist for the uterus and their synergism may be responsible for the therapeutic effect of TSSP on abnormal uterine bleeding.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1211\/jpp.62.04.0016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,3]],"date-time":"2015-09-03T16:54:51Z","timestamp":1441299291000},"page":"521-529","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Structural requirement of spirostanol glycosides for rat uterine contractility and mode of their synergism"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Zu-Yin","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Beijing,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Ping","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen-Hu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya-Jun","family":"Shan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"He","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences , Beijing,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia-Pei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bai-Ping","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Wen","family":"Cong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024103013101261700_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2005.08.008","article-title":"Abnormal uterine bleeding and underlying hemostatic disorders: report of a consensus process","volume":"84","author":"Munro","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"2024103013101261700_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.3122\/jabfm.19.6.590","article-title":"Abnormal uterine bleeding: a management algorithm","volume":"19","author":"Ely","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Board Fam Med"},{"key":"2024103013101261700_cit3","first-page":"2073","article-title":"Abnormal uterine bleeding associated with hormonal contraception","volume":"65","author":"Schrager","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"2024103013101261700_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2005.01.006","article-title":"Alternative medical and surgical options to hysterectomy","volume":"19","author":"Banu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"2024103013101261700_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.08.014","article-title":"Randomized trial of medical treatment versus hysterectomy for abnormal uterine bleeding: resource use in the Medicine or Surgery (Ms) trial","volume":"194","author":"Showstack","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2024103013101261700_cit6","first-page":"178","article-title":"Clinical and pharmacological study of the hemostatic action of rhizoma paridis by contraction of uterus","volume":"6","author":"Tian","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Tradit Chin Med"},{"key":"2024103013101261700_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/den001","article-title":"Mechanisms underlying phasic myometrial contractions stimulated with a saponin extract from Paris polyphylla Sm. var. yunnanensis and determination of its active pharmaceutical ingredients","volume":"23","author":"Guo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2024103013101261700_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1515\/DMDI.2000.17.1-4.211","article-title":"The bioactivity of saponins: triterpenoid and steroidal 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