{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T17:21:13Z","timestamp":1786123273536,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0000000000000020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,21]],"date-time":"2013-11-21T04:08:30Z","timestamp":1385006910000},"page":"1493-1502","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Intrathecal Ultra-Low Dose Naloxone Enhances the Antihyperalgesic Effects of Morphine and Attenuates Tumor Necrosis Factor-\u03b1 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-\u03b1 Receptor 1 Expression in the Dorsal Horn of Rats with Partial Sciatic Nerve Transection"],"prefix":"10.1213","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"Chih-Ping","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen-Hwan","family":"Cherng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ching-Tang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui-Yi","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pao-Luh","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sing-Ong","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chih-Shung","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R2-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1126\/science.288.5472.1765","article-title":"Neuronal plasticity: increasing the gain in pain.","volume":"288","author":"Woolf","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"R4-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5189","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3338-07.2008","article-title":"Cytokine mechanisms of central sensitization: distinct and overlapping role of interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in regulating synaptic and neuronal activity in the superficial spinal cord.","volume":"28","author":"Kawasaki","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"R5-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-7-27","article-title":"TNF-alpha and neuropathic pain-a review.","volume":"7","author":"Leung","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"R6-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5072","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4476-07.2008","article-title":"Endogenous tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) requires TNF receptor type 2 to generate heat hyperalgesia in a mouse cancer model.","volume":"28","author":"Constantin","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"R7-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.04.022","article-title":"Evoked pain behavior and spinal glia activation is dependent on tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 and 2 in a mouse model of bone cancer pain.","volume":"169","author":"Geis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"R8-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(00)00424-3","article-title":"Learning and memory in pain pathways.","volume":"88","author":"Sandkuhler","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R9-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2004.12.064","article-title":"Spinal blockade of TNF blocks spinal nerve ligation-induced increases in spinal P-p38.","volume":"379","author":"Svensson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"R10-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12844","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2437-10.2010","article-title":"A p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent mechanism of disinhibition in spinal synaptic transmission induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha.","volume":"30","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"R11-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-8-177","article-title":"Modulation of spinal cord synaptic activity by tumor necrosis factor in a model of peripheral neuropathy.","volume":"8","author":"Spicarova","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"R12-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-001-0001-2","article-title":"Facts and an open mind should guide clinical practice.","volume":"1","author":"Carver","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep"},{"key":"R13-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3013","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612054865055","article-title":"Opioids in neuropathic pain.","volume":"11","author":"Przewlocki","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"key":"R14-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10540","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.23.10540","article-title":"Ultra-low concentrations of naloxone selectively antagonize excitatory effects of morphine on sensory neurons, thereby increasing its antinociceptive potency and attenuating tolerancedependence during chronic cotreatment.","volume":"92","author":"Crain","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"R15-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(99)00223-7","article-title":"Antagonists of excitatory opioid receptor functions enhance morphines analgesic potency and attenuate opioid tolerancedependence liability.","volume":"84","author":"Crain","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R16-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(86)90269-7","article-title":"Low doses of naloxone produce analgesia in the mouse brain by blocking presynaptic autoinhibition of enkephalin release.","volume":"65","author":"Ueda","year":"1986","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"R17-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2772","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1301672","article-title":"Ultra-low-dose naloxone restores the antinociceptive effect of morphine and suppresses spinal neuroinflammation in PTX-treated rats.","volume":"33","author":"Tsai","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"R18-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1554","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0001554","article-title":"High-affinity naloxone binding to filamin a prevents mu opioid receptor-Gs coupling underlying opioid tolerance and dependence.","volume":"3","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R19-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.06.003","article-title":"Ultra-low-dose naloxone suppresses opioid tolerance, dependence and associated changes in mu opioid receptor-G protein coupling and Gbetagamma signaling.","volume":"135","author":"Wang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"R20-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4282","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0004282","article-title":"Naloxones pentapeptide binding site on filamin A blocks Mu opioid receptor-Gs coupling and CREB activation of acute morphine.","volume":"4","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R21-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(76)90029-9","article-title":"Chronic catheterization of the spinal subarachnoid space.","volume":"17","author":"Yaksh","year":"1976","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"key":"R22-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2007.01.031","article-title":"Amitriptyline preserves morphines antinociceptive effect by regulating the glutamate transporter GLAST and GLT-1 trafficking and excitatory amino acids concentration in morphine-tolerant rats.","volume":"129","author":"Tai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R23-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2006.03.018","article-title":"Amitriptyline suppresses neuroinflammation and up-regulates glutamate transporters in morphine-tolerant rats.","volume":"124","author":"Tai","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R24-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(00)00354-7","article-title":"Partial sciatic nerve transection as a model of neuropathic pain: a qualitative and quantitative neuropathological study.","volume":"89","author":"Lindenlaub","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R25-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.2003.02848.x","article-title":"Release of BDNF and GABA in the dorsal horn of neuropathic rats.","volume":"18","author":"Lever","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"R26-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-4886(03)00343-1","article-title":"The effect of treatment with BRX-220, a co-inducer of heat shock proteins, on sensory fibers of the rat following peripheral nerve injury.","volume":"184","author":"Kalmar","year":"2003","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"R27-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2008.04.025","article-title":"The Kyoto protocol of IASP Basic Pain Terminology.","volume":"137","author":"Loeser","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R28-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2003.10.008","article-title":"Increasing of intrathecal CSF excitatory amino acids concentration following morphine challenge in morphine-tolerant rats.","volume":"995","author":"Wen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"R29-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.03.015","article-title":"Dexamethasone modulates the development of morphine tolerance and expression of glutamate transporters in rats.","volume":"133","author":"Wen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"R30-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4741","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.11.4741","article-title":"Different G proteins mediate the opioid inhibition or enhancement of evoked 5-methionineenkephalin release.","volume":"88","author":"Gintzler","year":"1991","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"R31-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2009.08.015","article-title":"Ultra-low dose naloxone restores the antinociceptive effect of morphine in pertussis toxin-treated rats by reversing the coupling of mu-opioid receptors from Gs-protein to coupling to Gi-protein.","volume":"164","author":"Tsai","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"R32-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.64.5.1092","article-title":"Interaction between the mu opioid receptor and filamin A is involved in receptor regulation and trafficking.","volume":"64","author":"Onoprishvili","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"R33-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-9-32","article-title":"Naloxone inhibits immune cell function by suppressing superoxide production through a direct interaction with gp91phox subunit of NADPH oxidase.","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"R34-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2003.06.002","article-title":"Quantitative real-time RT-PCR assessment of spinal microglial and astrocytic activation markers in a rat model of neuropathic pain.","volume":"45","author":"Tanga","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"key":"R35-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5856","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0501634102","article-title":"The CNS role of Toll-like receptor 4 in innate neuroimmunity and painful neuropathy.","volume":"102","author":"Tanga","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"R36-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C739","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00364.2003","article-title":"Cytokine function of heat shock proteins.","volume":"286","author":"Tsan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Cell Physiol"},{"key":"R37-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1100\/tsw.2007.230","article-title":"Opioid-induced glial activation: mechanisms of activation and implications for opioid analgesia, dependence, and reward.","volume":"7","author":"Hutchinson","year":"2007","journal-title":"ScientificWorldJournal"},{"key":"R38-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2009.08.004","article-title":"Evidence that opioids may have toll-like receptor 4 and MD-2 effects.","volume":"24","author":"Hutchinson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"R39-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1871","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2006.07.036","article-title":"A novel inhibitory effect of naloxone on macrophage activation and atherosclerosis formation in mice.","volume":"48","author":"Liu","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"R40-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2897","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6114","article-title":"Naloxone ameliorates retinal lesions in Ccl2Cx3cr1 double-deficient mice via modulation of microglia.","volume":"52","author":"Shen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R41-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)38877-9","article-title":"Systemic infusion of naloxone reduces degeneration of rat substantia nigral dopaminergic neurons induced by intranigral injection of lipopolysaccharide.","volume":"295","author":"Liu","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"R42-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100013937","article-title":"Sensory neurons, ion channels, inflammation and the onset of neuropathic pain.","volume":"39","author":"Stemkowski","year":"2012","journal-title":"Can J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"R43-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(00)00331-6","article-title":"Possible role of inflammatory mediators in tactile hypersensitivity in rat models of mononeuropathy.","volume":"88","author":"Cui","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R44-31-20210902","first-page":"31","article-title":"Neuroimmune activation and chronic pain.","volume":"79","author":"Griffis","year":"2011","journal-title":"AANA J"},{"key":"R45-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(00)00453-7","article-title":"Axonal transport of TNF-alpha in painful neuropathy: distribution of ligand tracer and TNF receptors.","volume":"114","author":"Shubayev","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"R46-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.10.095","article-title":"TNFalpha and TNF receptor 1 expression in the mixed neuronal-glial cultures of hippocampal dentate gyrus exposed to glutamate or trimethyltin.","volume":"1131","author":"Figiel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"R47-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2004.11.014","article-title":"TNF alpha potentiates glutamate neurotoxicity by inhibiting glutamate uptake in organotypic brain slice cultures: neuroprotection by NF kappa B inhibition.","volume":"1034","author":"Zou","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"R48-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6797","article-title":"Hyperalgesia in experimental neuropathy is dependent on the TNF receptor 1.","volume":"151","author":"Sommer","year":"1998","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"R49-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(03)00695-5","article-title":"Spinal nerve ligation induces transient upregulation of tumor necrosis factor receptors 1 and 2 in injured and adjacent uninjured dorsal root ganglia in the rat.","volume":"347","author":"Schafers","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"R50-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612053507828","article-title":"TNF (alpha) modulation of visceral and spinal sensory processing.","volume":"11","author":"Hermann","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"key":"R52-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0082(00)00067-8","article-title":"Glutamate uptake.","volume":"65","author":"Danbolt","year":"2001","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"R53-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1699","DOI":"10.1126\/science.276.5319.1699","article-title":"Epilepsy and exacerbation of brain injury in mice lacking the glutamate transporter GLT-1.","volume":"276","author":"Tanaka","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"R54-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7600555","article-title":"Positive and negative regulation of EAAT2 by NF-kappaB: a role for N-myc in TNFalpha-controlled repression.","volume":"24","author":"Sitcheran","year":"2005","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"R55-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcn.2010.09.001","article-title":"TNF- potentiates glutamate-induced spinal cord motoneuron death via NF-B.","volume":"46","author":"Tolosa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"R56-31-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2008.04.014","article-title":"Ubiquitin-mediated regulation of TNFR1 signaling.","volume":"19","author":"Wertz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev"}],"container-title":["Anesthesia &amp; Analgesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1213\/ANE.0000000000000020","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T14:35:05Z","timestamp":1786113305000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00000539-201312000-00031"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1213\/ane.0000000000000020","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-2999"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-2999","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]}}}