{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T17:19:26Z","timestamp":1786123166320,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,8]]},"DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e31817b70c1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,5]],"date-time":"2009-03-05T15:18:53Z","timestamp":1236266333000},"page":"486-493","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["General Anesthetics Have Additive Actions on Three Ligand Gated Ion Channels"],"prefix":"10.1213","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"Andrew","family":"Jenkins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingrid A.","family":"Lobo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diane","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James R.","family":"Trudell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Solt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R Adron","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edmond I","family":"Eger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-23-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2005.08.006","article-title":"Emerging molecular mechanisms of general anesthetic action.","volume":"26","author":"Hemmings","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"R2-23-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.9.14.7589987","article-title":"Actions of anesthetics on ligand-gated ion channels: role of receptor subunit composition.","volume":"9","author":"Harris","year":"1995","journal-title":"Faseb J"},{"key":"R3-23-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.106.101691","article-title":"Effects of anesthetics on mutant N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes.","volume":"318","author":"Ogata","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"R4-23-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1995.sp020610","article-title":"Modulation by zinc ions of native rat and recombinant human inhibitory glycine receptors.","volume":"483","author":"Laube","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"R5-23-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37877","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M508303200","article-title":"Molecular basis for zinc potentiation at strychnine-sensitive glycine receptors.","volume":"280","author":"Miller","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"R6-23-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1038\/38738","article-title":"Sites of alcohol and volatile anaesthetic action on GABA(A) and glycine receptors.","volume":"389","author":"Mihic","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R7-23-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1038\/44579","article-title":"Benzodiazepine actions mediated by specific gamma-aminobutyric acid(A) receptor subtypes.","volume":"401","author":"Rudolph","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R8-23-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-895X(24)12165-7","article-title":"A single hydrophobic residue confers barbiturate sensitivity to gamma-aminobutyric acid type C receptor.","volume":"55","author":"Amin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"R9-23-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"RC136","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-06-j0002.2001","article-title":"Evidence for a common binding cavity for three general anesthetics within the GABAA receptor.","volume":"21","author":"Jenkins","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"R10-23-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3908(02)00175-2","article-title":"Tryptophan scanning mutagenesis in TM4 of the GABA(A) receptor alpha 1 subunit: implications for modulation by inhaled anesthetics and ion channel structure.","volume":"43","author":"Jenkins","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"R11-23-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200108000-00032","article-title":"Nonhalogenated alkane anesthetics fail to potentiate agonist actions on two ligand-gated ion channels.","volume":"95","author":"Raines","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"R12-23-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000204252.07406.9f","article-title":"Differential modulation of human N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors by structurally diverse general anesthetics.","volume":"102","author":"Solt","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"R13-23-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000282829.21797.97","article-title":"Volatile aromatic anesthetics variably impact human gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor function.","volume":"105","author":"Kelly","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"R14-23-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-200011000-00044","article-title":"The anesthetic potency of propanol and butanol versus propanethiol and butanethiol in alpha1 wild type and alpha1(S267Q) glycine receptors.","volume":"91","author":"Mascia","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"R15-23-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2005.08.017","article-title":"Accessibility to residues in transmembrane segment four of the glycine receptor.","volume":"50","author":"Lobo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"R16-23-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200606000-00012","article-title":"Additive effects of sevoflurane and propofol on gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor function.","volume":"104","author":"Sebel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"R17-23-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1038\/367607a0","article-title":"Molecular and cellular mechanisms of general anaesthesia.","volume":"367","author":"Franks","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R18-23-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1278","DOI":"10.1007\/s000180050371","article-title":"General anaesthetic actions on ligandgated ion channels.","volume":"55","author":"Krasowski","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"R19-23-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200006000-00017","article-title":"Response surface model for anesthetic drug interactions.","volume":"92","author":"Minto","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"R20-23-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(99)00710-4","article-title":"Mutant human alpha(1)beta(1)(T262Q) GABA(A) receptors are directly activated but not modulated by pentobarbital.","volume":"385","author":"Dalziel","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"R21-23-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1999.00053.x","article-title":"Identification of an inhibitory Zn2+ binding site on the human glycine receptor alpha1 subunit.","volume":"520","author":"Harvey","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"R22-23-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e31817b7140","article-title":"Additivity versus synergy: a theoretical analysis of implications for anesthetic mechanisms.","volume":"107","author":"Shafer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"R23-23-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200105000-00032","article-title":"Relevant concentrations of inhaled anesthetics for in vitro studies of anesthetic mechanisms.","volume":"94","author":"Eger","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"R24-23-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000295805.70887.65","article-title":"Inhaled anesthetics do not combine to produce synergistic effects regarding minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration in rats.","volume":"107","author":"Eger","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"R25-23-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e31817b859e","article-title":"Is synergy the rule? A review of anesthetic interactions producing hypnosis and immobility.","volume":"107","author":"Hendrickx","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"R26-23-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200306000-00011","article-title":"Temporal summation governs part of the minimum alveolar concentration of ISO anesthesia.","volume":"98","author":"Dutton","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"}],"container-title":["Anesthesia & Analgesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1213\/ane.0b013e31817b70c1","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T14:16:05Z","timestamp":1786112165000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00000539-200808000-00023"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,8]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1213\/ane.0b013e31817b70c1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-2999"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-2999","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,8]]}}}