{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T12:07:15Z","timestamp":1793362035911,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e3182662e30","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,24]],"date-time":"2012-07-24T02:28:01Z","timestamp":1343096881000},"page":"934-943","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":213,"title":["Does Intraoperative Ketamine Attenuate Inflammatory Reactivity Following Surgery? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1213","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"Ola","family":"Dale","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew A.","family":"Somogyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yibai","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yehuda","family":"Shavit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1714","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(96)00055-0","article-title":"Systemic inflammatory response syndrome after cardiac operations.","volume":"61","author":"Cremer","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"R2-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-0770(97)90107-5","article-title":"The influence of cardiopulmonary bypass on cytokines and cell-cell communication.","volume":"11","author":"Hill","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"key":"R3-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(94)70286-1","article-title":"Relationship of the proinflammatory cytokines to myocardial ischemia and dysfunction after uncomplicated coronary revascularization.","volume":"108","author":"Hennein","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"R4-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(96)00230-5","article-title":"Impact of left ventricular dysfunction on cytokines, hemodynamics, and outcome in bypass grafting.","volume":"62","author":"Deng","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"R5-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.107.4.1062","article-title":"Persistent elevation of inflammatory cytokines predicts a poor outcome in ARDS. Plasma IL-1 beta and IL-6 levels are consistent and efficient predictors of outcome over time.","volume":"107","author":"Meduri","year":"1995","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"R6-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200207000-00030","article-title":"The systemic inflammatory response to cardiac surgery: implications for the anesthesiologist.","volume":"97","author":"Laffey","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"R7-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1997.65-az0063.x","article-title":"Fentanyl and the interleukin-6 response to surgery.","volume":"52","author":"Taylor","year":"1997","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"R8-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1017\/S0265021507003043","article-title":"Endocrine stress response and inflammatory activation during CABG surgery. A randomized trial comparing remifentanil infusion to intermittent fentanyl.","volume":"25","author":"Winterhalter","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"R9-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.1998.tb05082.x","article-title":"Effects of anaesthesia based on high versus low doses of opioids on the cytokine and acute-phase protein responses in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.","volume":"42","author":"Brix-Christensen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"R10-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000264108.47280.f5","article-title":"The effects of morphine and fentanyl on the inflammatory response to cardiopulmonary bypass in patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery.","volume":"104","author":"Murphy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"R11-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2006.01.011","article-title":"Effects of sevoflurane on cytokine balance in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery.","volume":"20","author":"Kawamura","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"key":"R12-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/ael270","article-title":"The effects of propofol on neutrophil function, lipid peroxidation and inflammatory response during elective coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with impaired ventricular function.","volume":"97","author":"Corcoran","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"R14-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e31805dac11","article-title":"Systemic lidocaine shortens length of hospital stay after colorectal surgery: a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.","volume":"246","author":"Herroeder","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"R15-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2004.09.036","article-title":"Ketamine and postoperative paina quantitative systematic review of randomised trials.","volume":"113","author":"Elia","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R16-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1730","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000086618.28845.9B","article-title":"Ketamine in chronic pain management: an evidence-based review.","volume":"97","author":"Hocking","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"R17-32-20210902","first-page":"47","article-title":"The anti-inflammatory effects of ketamine: state of the art.","volume":"62","author":"Loix","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Belg"},{"key":"R19-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17370","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4152-11.2011","article-title":"Microglial Ca(2)-activated K() channels are possible molecular targets for the analgesic effects of S-ketamine on neuropathic pain.","volume":"31","author":"Hayashi","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"R20-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2005.10.001","article-title":"Glia: novel counter-regulators of opioid analgesia.","volume":"28","author":"Watkins","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"R21-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000145","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000145","article-title":"Inflammatory markers and poor outcome after stroke: a prospective cohort study and systematic review of interleukin-6.","volume":"6","author":"Whiteley","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"R23-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2009.07.010","article-title":"A systematic review of oxymorphone in the management of chronic pain.","volume":"39","author":"Mayyas","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Pain Symptom Manage"},{"key":"R24-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.328.7454.1490","article-title":"Grading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations.","volume":"328","author":"Atkins","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"R25-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2005.03.010","article-title":"Effects of ketamine on serum and tracheobronchial aspirate interleukin-6 levels in infants undergoing cardiac surgery.","volume":"19","author":"Zeyneloglu","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"key":"R26-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2005.12.005","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study assessing the anti-inflammatory effects of ketamine in cardiac surgical patients.","volume":"20","author":"Bartoc","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"key":"R27-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aen325","article-title":"Effect of low-dose ketamine on inflammatory response in off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery.","volume":"102","author":"Cho","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"R28-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(86)90046-2","article-title":"Meta-analysis in clinical trials.","volume":"7","author":"DerSimonian","year":"1986","journal-title":"Control Clin Trials"},{"key":"R29-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1186","article-title":"Quantifying heterogeneity in meta-analysis.","volume":"21","author":"Higgins","year":"2002","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"R30-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629","article-title":"Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple graphical test.","volume":"315","author":"Egger","year":"1997","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"R31-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2011.00357.x","article-title":"Ketamine does not inhibit interleukin-6 synthesis in hepatic resections requiring a temporary porto-arterial occlusion (Pringle manoeuvre): a controlled, prospective, randomized, double-blinded study.","volume":"13","author":"Bonofiglio","year":"2011","journal-title":"HPB (Oxford)"},{"key":"R32-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0b013e31822f18f9","article-title":"Ketamine as a neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory agent in children undergoing surgery on cardiopulmonary bypass: a pilot randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.","volume":"13","author":"Bhutta","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr Crit Care Med"},{"key":"R33-32-20210902","first-page":"1130","article-title":"Effect of intraocular surgery and ketamine on aqueous and serum cytokines.","volume":"13","author":"Tu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol Vis"},{"key":"R34-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeq341","article-title":"Continuous S-()-ketamine administration during elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery attenuates pro-inflammatory cytokine response during and after cardiopulmonary bypass.","volume":"106","author":"Welters","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"R35-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aem218","article-title":"Low-dose ketamine affects immune responses in humans during the early postoperative period.","volume":"99","author":"Beilin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"R36-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-011-1206-4","article-title":"A randomized, double blind, placebo controlled clinical trial of the preoperative use of ketamine for reducing inflammation and pain after thoracic surgery.","volume":"25","author":"DAlonzo","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Anesth"},{"key":"R37-32-20210902","first-page":"137","article-title":"S () ketamine suppresses TNF-, IL-6 and IL-8 production in blood in major abdominal surgery under combined epidural-general anesthesia.","volume":"8","author":"Mostafa","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Med Sci"},{"key":"R38-32-20210902","first-page":"327","article-title":"Preoperative low dose ketamine reduces serum interleukin-6 response after abdominal hysterectomy.","volume":"9","author":"Roytblat","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pain Clinic"},{"key":"R39-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-200209000-00005","article-title":"Ketamine attenuates neutrophil activation after cardiopulmonary bypass.","volume":"95","author":"Zilberstein","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"R40-32-20210902","first-page":"28","article-title":"The effect of low dose of ketamine infusion on stress responses in coronary bypass graft surgery.","volume":"4","author":"Akhlagh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Iranian Cardiovasc Res J"},{"key":"R41-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199808000-00006","article-title":"Ketamine attenuates the interleukin-6 response after cardiopulmonary bypass.","volume":"87","author":"Roytblat","year":"1998","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"R42-32-20210902","first-page":"350","article-title":"Effects of ketamine on cardiopulmonary bypass induces interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 response and its significance.","volume":"26","author":"Cao","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bull Hunan Med Univ"},{"key":"R43-32-20210902","first-page":"682","article-title":"Effect of preemptive analgesia by intravenous small-dose ketamine on cytokine response to upper abdominal surgery.","volume":"27","author":"Huang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Med J Wuhan Univ"},{"key":"R44-32-20210902","first-page":"802","article-title":"Effects of subanesthetic dose of ketamine on perioperative serum cytokines in orthoptic liver transplantation.","volume":"26","author":"Yang","year":"2006","journal-title":"J South Med Univ"},{"key":"R45-32-20210902","first-page":"1070","article-title":"Effects of ketamine and propofol on levels of perioperative plasma cytokines in gastric cancer patients underwent radical gastrectomy.","volume":"33","author":"Xin","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Jilin Univ Med Ed"},{"key":"R46-32-20210902","first-page":"32","article-title":"Effect of intravenous patient-controlled intravenous analgesia with a small dose of ketamine during shock stage on cytokine balance in patients with severe burn.","volume":"18","author":"Xia","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chin Crit Care Med"},{"key":"R47-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1536\/jhj.45.183","article-title":"Interleukin-6 and cardiovascular diseases.","volume":"45","author":"Kanda","year":"2004","journal-title":"Jpn Heart J"},{"key":"R48-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0790161","article-title":"Response of serum interleukin-6 in patients undergoing elective surgery of varying severity.","volume":"79","author":"Cruickshank","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clin Sci (London)"},{"key":"R49-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2007.06.017","article-title":"Inflammation and outcome after general thoracic surgery.","volume":"32","author":"Amar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"R50-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.4960251106","article-title":"Prognostic value of C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, interleukin-6, and macrophage colony stimulating factor in severe unstable angina.","volume":"25","author":"Rallidis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol"},{"key":"R51-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/1043-4666(92)90070-8","article-title":"Circulating interleukin 6 as a useful marker for predicting postoperative complications.","volume":"4","author":"Oka","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"R52-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00012432","article-title":"Magnitude of the inflammatory response to cardiopulmonary bypass and its relation to adverse clinical outcomes.","volume":"51","author":"Holmes","year":"2002","journal-title":"Inflamm Res"},{"key":"R53-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-010-1042-y","article-title":"Elevated postoperative inflammatory biomarkers are associated with short- and medium-term cognitive dysfunction after coronary artery surgery.","volume":"25","author":"Hudetz","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Anesth"},{"key":"R54-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e78","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0050078","article-title":"Long-term interleukin-6 levels and subsequent risk of coronary heart disease: two new prospective studies and a systematic review.","volume":"5","author":"Danesh","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"R55-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2011.01.010","article-title":"Plasma concentrations of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and outcome prediction in elderly hip fracture patients.","volume":"42","author":"Sun","year":"2011","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"R56-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/72.3.348","article-title":"Suppression by methylprednisolone of augmented plasma endotoxin-like activity and interleukin-6 during cardiopulmonary bypass.","volume":"72","author":"Inaba","year":"1994","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"R57-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03015485","article-title":"Methylprednisolone inhibits increase of interleukin 8 and 6 during open heart surgery.","volume":"42","author":"Kawamura","year":"1995","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"},{"key":"R58-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.63.8.856","article-title":"A randomized trial of an N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist in treatment-resistant major depression.","volume":"63","author":"Zarate","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"R59-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(02)00033-7","article-title":"A single infusion of intravenous ketamine improves pain relief in patients with critical limb ischaemia: results of a double blind randomised controlled trial.","volume":"97","author":"Mitchell","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R60-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200404000-00015","article-title":"Time-dependent inhibition of G protein-coupled receptor signaling by local anesthetics.","volume":"100","author":"Hollmann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"R61-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3181c95cfa","article-title":"Ketamine inhibits transcription factors activator protein 1 and nuclear factor-kappaB, interleukin-8 production, as well as CD11b and CD16 expression: studies in human leukocytes and leukocytic cell lines.","volume":"110","author":"Welters","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"R62-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2004.02.015","article-title":"Ketamine improves survival and suppresses IL-6 and TNFalpha production in a model of gram-negative bacterial sepsis in rats.","volume":"62","author":"Shaked","year":"2004","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"R63-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1051\/vetres:2004061","article-title":"Ketamine inhibits LPS-induced tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 in an equine macrophage cell line.","volume":"36","author":"Lankveld","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vet Res"},{"key":"R64-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2007.11.027","article-title":"Ketamine inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 gene expressions in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages through suppression of toll-like receptor 4-mediated c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation and activator protein-1 activation.","volume":"228","author":"Wu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"R65-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1097\/00000539-200001000-00041","article-title":"Ketamine modulates the stimulated adhesion molecule expression on human neutrophils in vitro.","volume":"90","author":"Weigand","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"R66-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200506000-00017","article-title":"Involvement of adenosine in the antiinflammatory action of ketamine.","volume":"102","author":"Mazar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"R67-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03011971","article-title":"Ketamine inhibits nitric oxide synthase in lipopolysaccharide-treated rat alveolar macrophages.","volume":"44","author":"Li","year":"1997","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"},{"key":"R68-32-20210902","first-page":"69","article-title":"Ketamine suppresses LPS-induced bile reflux and gastric bleeding in the rat.","volume":"68","author":"Ward","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R69-32-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1007\/s001340050600","article-title":"Interleukin-6 levels in serum and lung lavage fluid of children undergoing open heart surgery correlate with postoperative morbidity.","volume":"24","author":"Hauser","year":"1998","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"}],"container-title":["Anesthesia &amp; Analgesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3182662e30","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T14:19:07Z","timestamp":1786112347000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00000539-201210000-00032"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1213\/ane.0b013e3182662e30","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.717961273.793464102","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0003-2999"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-2999","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]}}}