{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T10:42:11Z","timestamp":1769856131589,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0000000000000539","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,26]],"date-time":"2014-11-26T12:52:48Z","timestamp":1417006368000},"page":"320-328","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Acute Ketamine Impairs Mitochondrial Function and Promotes Superoxide Dismutase Activity in the Rat Brain"],"prefix":"10.1213","volume":"120","author":[{"given":"Carlos","family":"Ven\u00e2ncio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"F\u00e9lix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Coutinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Antunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Peixoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Summavielle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-9-20210902","first-page":"1186","article-title":"Ketamine: teaching an old drug new tricks.","volume":"87","author":"Kohrs","year":"1998","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"R3-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3182860fc9","article-title":"Ketamine enhances human neural stem cell proliferation and induces neuronal apoptosis via reactive oxygen species-mediated mitochondrial pathway.","volume":"116","author":"Bai","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"R4-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2008.03.007","article-title":"Protective effects of 7-nitroindazole on ketamine-induced neurotoxicity in rat forebrain culture.","volume":"29","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"R5-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aen322","article-title":"Apoptotic insults to human HepG2 cells induced by S-()-ketamine occurs through activation of a Bax-mitochondria-caspase protease pathway.","volume":"102","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"R6-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeq169","article-title":"Ketamine induces apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway in human lymphocytes and neuronal cells.","volume":"105","author":"Braun","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"R7-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e42904","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0042904","article-title":"Altered anesthetic sensitivity of mice lacking Ndufs4, a subunit of mitochondrial complex I.","volume":"7","author":"Quintana","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R8-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2006.05.010","article-title":"Effect of MK-801 and ketamine on hydroxyl radical generation in the posterior cingulate and retrosplenial cortex of free-moving mice, as determined by in vivo microdialysis.","volume":"86","author":"Zuo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav"},{"key":"R9-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-011-9234-1","article-title":"Behavioral changes and mitochondrial dysfunction in a rat model of schizophrenia induced by ketamine.","volume":"26","author":"de Oliveira","year":"2011","journal-title":"Metab Brain Dis"},{"key":"R10-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199501000-00025","article-title":"Ketamine inhibits glutamate-, N-methyl-D-aspartate-, and quisqualate-stimulated cGMP production in cultured cerebral neurons.","volume":"82","author":"Gonzales","year":"1995","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"R11-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3590139","article-title":"Nitric oxide inhibits mitochondrial NADH: ubiquinone reductase activity through peroxynitrite formation.","volume":"359","author":"Riobo","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"R12-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e318219524e","article-title":"Anesthetic ketamine impairs rats recall of previous information: the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N-nitro-L-arginine methylester antagonizes this ketamine-induced recognition memory deficit.","volume":"114","author":"Boultadakis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"R13-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1097\/ANA.0b013e31819ac2c0","article-title":"Propofol and ketamine-induced anesthetic depth-dependent decrease of CaMKII phosphorylation levels in rat hippocampus and cortex.","volume":"21","author":"Cui","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Anesthesiol"},{"key":"R14-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.bja.a013401","article-title":"NOx- concentrations in the rat hippocampus and striatum have no direct relationship to anaesthesia induced by ketamine.","volume":"84","author":"Wu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"R16-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(76)80434-6","article-title":"Safranine as a probe of the mitochondrial membrane potential.","volume":"68","author":"Akerman","year":"1976","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"R17-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2008.05383.x","article-title":"Lipidomic analysis and electron transport chain activities in C57BL6J mouse brain mitochondria.","volume":"106","author":"Kiebish","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"R18-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(05)96036-9","article-title":"Determination of mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase activity.","volume":"396","author":"Ghafourifar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol"},{"key":"R19-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36027","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M304854200","article-title":"Production of reactive oxygen species by mitochondria: central role of complex III.","volume":"278","author":"Chen","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"R20-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2008.10.041","article-title":"Acetyl-L-carnitine provides effective in vivo neuroprotection over 3,4-methylenedioximethamphetamine-induced mitochondrial neurotoxicity in the adolescent rat brain.","volume":"158","author":"Alves","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"R21-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(76)90326-2","article-title":"A fluorometric method for determination of oxidized and reduced glutathione in tissues.","volume":"74","author":"Hissin","year":"1976","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"R22-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(98)00315-3","article-title":"Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay.","volume":"26","author":"Re","year":"1999","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"R23-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(92)90002-Z","article-title":"Interactions of a series of coumarins with reactive oxygen species. Scavenging of superoxide, hypochlorous acid and hydroxyl radicals.","volume":"44","author":"Paya","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"R24-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(84)05016-3","article-title":"Catalase in vitro.","volume":"105","author":"Aebi","year":"1984","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol"},{"key":"R25-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2005.11.002","article-title":"Nitric oxide induced by ketaminexylazine anesthesia maintains hepatic blood flow during hypothermia.","volume":"15","author":"Alva","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide"},{"key":"R26-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10203","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2645-07.2007","article-title":"Monoamine oxidase-B mediates ecstasy-induced neurotoxic effects to adolescent rat brain mitochondria.","volume":"27","author":"Alves","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"R27-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2013.08.001","article-title":"Chronic ketamine administration impairs mitochondrial complex I in the rat liver.","volume":"93","author":"Venancio","year":"2013","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"R28-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2195","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1998.70052195.x","article-title":"Peroxynitrite and brain mitochondria: evidence for increased proton leak.","volume":"70","author":"Brookes","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"R29-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2011.06.003","article-title":"Respiration and ROS production in brain and spinal cord mitochondria of transgenic rats with mutant G93a CuZn-superoxide dismutase gene.","volume":"44","author":"Panov","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"R30-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2007.11.056","article-title":"Association of mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase activity with respiratory chain complex I.","volume":"366","author":"Parihar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"R31-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbabio.2006.02.010","article-title":"Mitochondrial metabolic states regulate nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide diffusion to the cytosol.","volume":"1757","author":"Boveris","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"R32-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.108.023325","article-title":"Cytoskeleton interruption in human hepatoma HepG2 cells induced by ketamine occurs possibly through suppression of calcium mobilization and mitochondrial function.","volume":"37","author":"Chang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"R33-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2011.07654.x","article-title":"Presynaptic nitric oxidecGMP facilitates glutamate release via hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels in the hippocampus.","volume":"33","author":"Neitz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"R34-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(99)00281-6","article-title":"Drastic increase in nitric oxide content in rat brain under halothane anesthesia revealed by EPR method.","volume":"58","author":"Sjakste","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"R35-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e31822747df","article-title":"The toxic effects of s()-ketamine on differentiating neurons in vitro as a consequence of suppressed neuronal Ca2 oscillations.","volume":"113","author":"Sinner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"R36-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/77.4.441","article-title":"Ketamine: its mechanism(s) of action and unusual clinical uses.","volume":"77","author":"Hirota","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"R37-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1472","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2007.04845.x","article-title":"NO-induced neuroprotection in ischemic preconditioning stimulates mitochondrial Mn-SOD activity and expression via RasERK12 pathway.","volume":"103","author":"Scorziello","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"R38-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8520","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.25.19.8520-8530.2005","article-title":"Protein kinase D mediates mitochondrion-to-nucleus signaling and detoxification from mitochondrial reactive oxygen species.","volume":"25","author":"Storz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"R39-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfj144","article-title":"Blockade of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors by ketamine produces loss of postnatal day 3 monkey frontal cortical neurons in culture.","volume":"91","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"R40-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42447","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M204580200","article-title":"The modulation of mitochondrial nitric-oxide synthase activity in rat brain development.","volume":"277","author":"Riobo","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"R41-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118798","article-title":"Mitochondrial complex I deficiency leads to increased production of superoxide radicals and induction of superoxide dismutase.","volume":"98","author":"Pitkanen","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"R42-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2009.05.010","article-title":"Different sub-anesthetic doses of ketamine increase oxidative stress in the brain of rats.","volume":"33","author":"de Oliveira","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"R43-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1097\/shk.0b013e3181454295","article-title":"Anesthetic preconditioning confers acute cardioprotection via up-regulation of manganese superoxide dismutase and preservation of mitochondrial respiratory enzyme activity.","volume":"29","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"R44-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1097\/01.anes.0000291447.21046.4d","article-title":"Isoflurane preconditioning improves long-term neurologic outcome after hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in neonatal rats.","volume":"107","author":"Zhao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"R45-9-20210902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7183","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-19-07183.2000","article-title":"Transient NMDA receptor inactivation provides long-term protection to cultured cortical neurons from a variety of death signals.","volume":"20","author":"Tremblay","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurosci"}],"container-title":["Anesthesia & Analgesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1213\/ANE.0000000000000539","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T16:03:37Z","timestamp":1638374617000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00000539-201502000-00009"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1213\/ane.0000000000000539","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-2999"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-2999","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]}}}