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We find that penicillin reduced both the mean and standard deviation of infectious disease mortality, leading to substantial convergence across disparate regions of Italy. Our results do not appear to be driven by competing risks or confounded by mortality patterns associated with WWII.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1215\/00703370-9368970","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,6]],"date-time":"2021-07-06T12:45:51Z","timestamp":1625575551000},"page":"1473-1498","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Technological Progress and Health Convergence: The Case of Penicillin in Postwar Italy"],"prefix":"10.1215","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0168-7268","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marcella","family":"Alsan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Kennedy School, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3566-837X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Atella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economics and Finance, University of Rome Tor 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