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We show here that the phenotypic sex of medaka is affected by changes in lipid metabolism. Medaka larvae subjected to 5\u2005days of starvation underwent female-to-male sex reversal. Metabolomic and RT-qPCR analyses indicated that pantothenate metabolism was suppressed by starvation. Consistently, inhibiting the pantothenate metabolic pathway caused sex reversal. The final metabolite in this pathway is coenzyme A, an essential factor for lipogenesis. Inhibiting fatty acid synthesis, the first step of lipogenesis, also caused sex reversal. The expression of dmrt1, a critical gene for male development, was suppressed by starvation, and a dmrt1 (\u039413) mutant did not show sex reversal under starvation. Collectively, these results indicate that fatty acid synthesis is involved in female-to-male sex reversal through ectopic expression of male gene dmrt1 under starvation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/bio.050054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,7]],"date-time":"2020-04-07T12:45:13Z","timestamp":1586263513000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Starvation causes female-to-male sex reversal through lipid metabolism in the teleost fish, medaka (<i>Olyzias latipes<\/i>)"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Yuta","family":"Sakae","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan"},{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Genetics for Reproduction, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan"},{"name":"SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Department of Basic Biology, Faculty of Life Science, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Oikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Metabolomics Research Group, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan"},{"name":"Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka 997-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Sugiura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masatoshi","family":"Mita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuhei","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Advanced Co-Creation Studies, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiya","family":"Nishimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Suematsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9100-1487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minoru","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan"},{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Genetics for Reproduction, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan"},{"name":"SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Department of Basic Biology, Faculty of Life Science, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021042622412363700_BIO050054C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.23177","article-title":"Increase of cortisol levels after temperature stress activates dmrt1a causing female-to-male sex reversal and reduced germ cell number in medaka","volume":"86","author":"Adolfi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. 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