{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T21:37:02Z","timestamp":1761514622584,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,18]],"date-time":"2021-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621296000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":503,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ryan s Quest of the Duchenne Alliance"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive muscle-wasting disease caused by mutation of the dystrophin gene. Pharmacological therapies that function independently of dystrophin and complement strategies aimed at dystrophin restoration could significantly improve patient outcomes. Previous observations have suggested that serotonin pathway modulation ameliorates dystrophic pathology, and reapplication of serotonin modulators already used clinically would potentially hasten availability to DMD patients. In our study, we used dystrophin-deficient sapje and sapje-like zebrafish models of DMD for rapid and easy screening of several classes of serotonin pathway modulators as potential therapeutics. None of the candidate drugs tested significantly decreased the percentage of zebrafish exhibiting the dystrophic muscle phenotype in the short-term birefringence assay or lengthened the lifespan in the long-term survival assay. Although we did not identify an effective drug, we believe our data is of value to the DMD research community for future studies, and there is evidence that suggests serotonin modulation may still be a viable treatment strategy with further investigation. Given the widespread clinical use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, and reversible inhibitors of monoamine oxidase, their reapplication to DMD is an attractive strategy in the field's pursuit to identify pharmacological therapies to complement dystrophin restoration strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/bio.053363","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]],"date-time":"2020-07-27T13:53:18Z","timestamp":1595857998000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effect of serotonin modulation on dystrophin-deficient zebrafish"],"prefix":"10.1242","author":[{"given":"Janelle M.","family":"Spinazzola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8300-3124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias R.","family":"Lambert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Devin E.","family":"Gibbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James R.","family":"Conner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgia L.","family":"Krikorian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2722-6398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prithu","family":"Pareek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Rago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DMD Therapeutics Inc., Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6126-0242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louis M.","family":"Kunkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"The Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research at Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021042700291919000_BIO053363C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1089\/nat.2020.0845","article-title":"The 10th oligonucleotide therapy approved: golodirsen for Duchenne muscular dystrophy","volume":"30","author":"Aartsma-Rus","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nucleic Acid Ther."},{"key":"2021042700291919000_BIO053363C2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI30556","article-title":"Interplay of IKK\/NF-\u03baB signaling in macrophages and myofibers promotes muscle degeneration in Duchenne muscular dystrophy","volume":"117","author":"Acharyya","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. 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