{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T02:18:47Z","timestamp":1788833927519,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,16]],"date-time":"2021-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623801600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science Foundation","award":["OISE \u2013 1159123"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OISE \u2013 1159123"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000006","name":"Office of Naval Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["N000141410416"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N000141410416"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000006","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anthropogenic noise can alter marine mammal behaviour and physiology, but little is known about cetacean cardiovascular responses to exposures, despite evidence that acoustic stressors, such as naval sonars, may lead to decompression sickness. Here, we measured heart rate and movements of two trained harbour porpoises during controlled exposure to 6\u20139\u2005kHz sonar-like sweeps and 40\u2005kHz peak-frequency noise pulses, designed to evoke acoustic startle responses. The porpoises initially responded to the sonar sweep with intensified bradycardia despite unaltered behaviour\/movement, but habituated rapidly to the stimuli. In contrast, 40\u2005kHz noise pulses consistently evoked rapid muscle flinches (indicative of startles), but no behavioural or heart rate changes. We conclude that the autonomous startle response appears decoupled from, or overridden by, cardiac regulation in diving porpoises, whereas certain novel stimuli may motivate oxygen-conserving cardiovascular measures. Such responses to sound exposure may contribute to gas mismanagement for deeper-diving cetaceans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/bio.058679","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,16]],"date-time":"2021-06-16T15:23:05Z","timestamp":1623856985000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Heart rate and startle responses in diving, captive harbour porpoises (<i>Phocoena phocoena<\/i>) exposed to transient noise and sonar"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5653-5096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siri L.","family":"Elmegaard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoophysiology, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark"},{"name":"Marine Mammal Research, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5028-066X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Birgitte I.","family":"McDonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, San Jose State University, Moss Landing, CA 95039-9647, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4376-4700","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonas","family":"Teilmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Mammal Research, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5208-5259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter T.","family":"Madsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoophysiology, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2680.1997.00465.x","article-title":"Autonomic components of the cardiovascular responses to an acoustic startle stimulus in rats","volume":"17","author":"Baudrie","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Auton. Pharmacol."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1681.2001.03593.x","article-title":"Genetic influences on cardiovascular responses to an acoustic startle stimulus in rats","volume":"28","author":"Baudrie","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.3354\/meps07979","article-title":"Impact assessment research: Use and misuse of habituation, sensitisation and tolerance in describing wildlife responses to anthropogenic stimuli","volume":"395","author":"Bejder","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1037\/h0058485","article-title":"Cardiac startle in man","volume":"28","author":"Berg","year":"1941","journal-title":"J. Exp. Psychol."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.1986.tb00682.x","article-title":"Stimulus rise time, intensity, and bandwidth effects on acoustic startle amplitude and probability","volume":"23","author":"Blumenthal","year":"1986","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03326871","article-title":"Cardiac and startle responses to acoustic stimuli in the rat","volume":"1","author":"Chalmers","year":"1973","journal-title":"Physiol. Psychol."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.47536\/jcrm.v3i1.904","article-title":"Will harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) habituate to pingers?","volume":"3","author":"Cox","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Cetacean Res. Manag."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-98280-9_6","article-title":"Physiological adaptations for breath-hold diving","volume-title":"Marine Mammals: Adaptations for an Aquatic Life","author":"Davis","year":"2019"},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1007\/s00359-012-0731-4","article-title":"The marine mammal dive response is exercise modulated to maximize aerobic dive duration","volume":"198","author":"Davis","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. A"},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20130223","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2013.0223","article-title":"First direct measurements of behavioural responses by Cuvier's beaked whales to mid-frequency active sonar","volume":"9","author":"DeRuiter","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol. Lett."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R1175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2016.10.020","article-title":"Cognitive control of heart rate in diving harbor porpoises","volume":"26","author":"Elmegaard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"jeb208637","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.208637","article-title":"Drivers of the dive response in trained harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena)","volume":"222","author":"Elmegaard","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1038\/212407a0","article-title":"Diving bradycardia in the trained dolphin","volume":"212","author":"Elsner","year":"1966","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2014.00013","article-title":"How man-made interference might cause gas bubble emboli in deep diving whales","volume":"5","author":"Fahlman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1038\/32068","article-title":"Does acoustic testing strand whales?","volume":"392","author":"Frantzis","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1017\/S0048577299970634","article-title":"Fear appears fast: Temporal course of startle reflex potentiation in animal fearful subjects","volume":"36","author":"Globisch","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1536","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.035535","article-title":"Aversiveness of sounds in phocid seals: psycho-physiological factors, learning processes and motivation","volume":"213","author":"G\u00f6tz","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2202-12-30","article-title":"Repeated elicitation of the acoustic startle reflex leads to sensitisation in subsequent avoidance behaviour and induces fear conditioning","volume":"12","author":"G\u00f6tz","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Neurosci."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"jeb208470","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.208470","article-title":"The startle reflex in echolocating odontocetes: Basic physiology and practical implications","volume":"223","author":"G\u00f6tz","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2003","DOI":"10.1121\/1.4895681","article-title":"Delphinid behavioral responses to incidental mid-frequency active sonar","volume":"136","author":"Henderson","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R344","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.1987.253.2.R344","article-title":"Heart rate and body temperature during free diving of Weddell seals","volume":"253","author":"Hill","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2011.2088","article-title":"Deadly diving? Physiological and behavioural management of decompression stress in diving mammals","volume":"279","author":"Hooker","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. R. Soc. B"},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jembe.2013.02.043","article-title":"Exposure amplitude and repetition affect bottlenose dolphin behavioral responses to simulated mid-frequency sonar signals","volume":"443","author":"Houser","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Exp. Mar. Bio. Ecol."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1942.135.3.557","article-title":"The regulation of arterial blood pressure in the seal during diving","volume":"135","author":"Irving","year":"1942","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1038\/425575a","article-title":"Gas-bubble lesions in stranded cetaceans","volume":"425","author":"Jepson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.42-3-291","article-title":"Acute and chronic gas bubble lesions in cetaceans stranded in the United Kingdom","volume":"42","author":"Jepson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vet. Pathol."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3211","DOI":"10.1121\/1.3493435","article-title":"The effect of signal duration on the underwater detection thresholds of a harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) for single frequency-modulated tonal signals between 0.25 and 160 kHz","volume":"128","author":"Kastelein","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2325","DOI":"10.1121\/1.3682032","article-title":"Threshold received sound pressure levels of single 1\u20132 kHz and 6\u20137 kHz up-sweeps and down-sweeps causing startle responses in a harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena)","volume":"131","author":"Kastelein","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1111\/mms.12552","article-title":"Harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) reactions to pingers","volume":"35","author":"Kindt-Larsen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mar. Mammal Sci."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C30","first-page":"95","article-title":"Physiological responses of wildlife to disturbance","volume-title":"Wildlife and Recreationists: Coexistence through Management and Research","author":"Knight","year":"1995"},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0082(98)00098-7","article-title":"The neurobiology of startle","volume":"59","author":"Koch","year":"1999","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.3354\/meps11181","article-title":"Pingers cause temporary habitat displacement in the harbour porpoise Phocoena phocoena","volume":"526","author":"Kyhn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4060","DOI":"10.1121\/1.3117443","article-title":"Temporary shift in masked hearing thresholds in a harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) after exposure to seismic airgun stimuli","volume":"125","author":"Lucke","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-2981-8_80","article-title":"Cardiorespiratory responses to acoustic noise in belugas","volume-title":"The Effects of Noise on Aquatic Life II","author":"Lyamin","year":"2016"},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3952","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1921508","article-title":"Marine mammals and noise: problems with root mean square sound pressure levels for transients","volume":"117","author":"Madsen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.098558","article-title":"Deep-diving sea lions exhibit extreme bradycardia in long-duration dives","volume":"217","author":"McDonald","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"jeb168740","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.168740","article-title":"Dive heart rate in harbour porpoises is influenced by exercise and expectations","volume":"221","author":"Mcdonald","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7036.115.3.227","article-title":"Cardiac response to acoustic playback experiments in the captive bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)","volume":"115","author":"Miksis","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Comp. Psychol."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1914435","article-title":"Echolocation: high\u2013frequency component in the click of the Harbour Porpoise (Phocoena ph. L.)","volume":"54","author":"M\u00f8hl","year":"1973","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.08-VP-0065-M-FL","article-title":"Gas bubbles in seals, dolphins, and porpoises entangled and drowned at depth in gillnets","volume":"46","author":"Moore","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet. Pathol."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.146779","article-title":"Heart rate regulation in diving sea lions: The vagus nerve rules","volume":"220","author":"Ponganis","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2012.00177","article-title":"Decompression vs. Decomposition: distribution, amount, and gas composition of bubbles in stranded marine mammals","volume":"3","author":"De Quiros","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.1996.tb02106.x","article-title":"Developmental and pharmacological analysis of the cardiac response to an acoustic startle stimulus","volume":"33","author":"Richardson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C44","first-page":"1","article-title":"Experimental investigations on the respiratory function in diving mammals and birds","volume-title":"Hvalradets Skrifter","author":"Scholander","year":"1940"},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1007\/s10344-013-0700-4","article-title":"First indication of gas embolism in a harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) from German waters","volume":"59","author":"Siebert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Wildl. Res."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(91)90298-3","article-title":"Evidence for a dissociation between cardiovascular and behavioral reactivity in the spontaneously hypertensive rat","volume":"49","author":"Svensson","year":"1991","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-7692.2006.00031.x","article-title":"Reactions of captive harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) to pinger-like sounds","volume":"22","author":"Teilmann","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mar. Mammal Sci."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2014.10.051","article-title":"Cetacean noise criteria revisited in the light of proposed exposure limits for harbour porpoises","volume":"90","author":"Tougaard","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C49","first-page":"ADA598686","article-title":"Behavioral responses of odontocetes to playback of anthropogenic and natural sounds","author":"Tyack","year":"2011","journal-title":"Report"},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e17009","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0017009","article-title":"Beaked whales respond to simulated and actual navy sonar","volume":"6","author":"Tyack","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2007.07.004","article-title":"Cardiac defense: From attention to action","volume":"66","author":"Vila","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Psychophysiol."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2739","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.202.20.2739","article-title":"The diving physiology of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus), part I: Balancing the demands of exercise for energy conservation at depth","volume":"202","author":"Williams","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6055","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms7055","article-title":"Exercise at depth alters bradycardia and incidence of cardiac anomalies in deep-diving marine mammals","volume":"6","author":"Williams","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aao2740","article-title":"Paradoxical escape responses by narwhals (Monodon monoceros)","volume":"358","author":"Williams","year":"2017","journal-title":"Science (80-.)"},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2016.03.069","article-title":"Ultra-high foraging rates of harbor porpoises make them vulnerable to anthropogenic disturbance","volume":"26","author":"Wisniewska","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.46867\/IJCP.2007.20.02.01","article-title":"Do marine mammals experience stress related to anthropogenic noise?","volume":"20","author":"Wright","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Comp. Psychol."},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e55553","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0055553","article-title":"Possible causes of a harbour porpoise mass stranding in danish waters in 2005","volume":"8","author":"Wright","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2021061615230274200_BIO058679C58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2814","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.111070","article-title":"What a jerk: prey engulfment revealed by high-rate, super-cranial accelerometry on a harbour seal (Phoca vitulina)","volume":"217","author":"Ydesen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."}],"container-title":["Biology Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.logists.com\/bio\/bio\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1242\/bio.058679\/2080217\/bio058679.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.logists.com\/bio\/bio\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1242\/bio.058679\/2080217\/bio058679.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,4]],"date-time":"2023-11-04T23:42:20Z","timestamp":1699141340000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/bio\/article\/10\/6\/bio058679\/269173\/Heart-rate-and-startle-responses-in-diving-captive"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/bio.058679","relation":{},"ISSN":["2046-6390"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2046-6390","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]]},"article-number":"bio058679"}}