{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T05:53:42Z","timestamp":1790142822470,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014013","name":"UK Research and Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["MR\/Y011783\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/Y011783\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014013","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001827","name":"University of Amsterdam","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001827","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Correct development of the testis serves as a springboard for male fertility in adult life, yet our understanding of the timing of human Sertoli and germ cell maturation and their dynamics is incomplete. To map the developmental timeline of germ cells and Sertoli cells, we analysed an extensive set of human foetal and prepubertal testicular samples [n=48, spanning from 7 post conception weeks (PCW) to 13.5\u2005years of age]. Octamer binding transcription factor (OCT)3\/4+ gonocytes were identified as the main source of proliferative germ cells during foetal development, while melanoma associated antigen (MAGE)-A4+ (pre)spermatogonia divided at a slow rate both in utero and during childhood. In samples aged between 4 and 10\u2005years, anti-M\u00fcllerian hormone (AMH) expression is reduced and androgen receptor (AR) expression is increased, consistent with maturation of testicular Sertoli cells. Sertoli cell proliferation peaked at 2-2.5\u2005years and gradually declined through early childhood, becoming minimal from the age of 6, coinciding with lumen formation. These data suggest that Sertoli cell maturation precedes the initiation of spermatogenesis well before the start of puberty. Ultimately, this human testicular developmental timeline serves as a reference for the development of in vitro gametogenesis models and paves the way for fertility preservation and restoration for those at risk of infertility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/bio.062319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T08:51:45Z","timestamp":1770367905000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Temporal dynamics of Sertoli and germ cell development in human foetal and prepubertal testis"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7651-8514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iris","family":"Sanou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam 1 Reproductive Biology Laboratory , , 1105 AZ Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Amsterdam Reproduction and Development research institute 2 , 1105 AZ Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Centre for Reproductive Health, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh 3 , Edinburgh EH16 4UU ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5081-9597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mathangi","family":"Lakshmipathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam 1 Reproductive Biology Laboratory , , 1105 AZ Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Amsterdam Reproduction and Development research institute 2 , 1105 AZ Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1881-3370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisette K.","family":"Sch\u00f6nhage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam 1 Reproductive Biology Laboratory , , 1105 AZ Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Amsterdam Reproduction and Development research institute 2 , 1105 AZ Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saskia K. M.","family":"van Daalen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam 1 Reproductive Biology Laboratory , , 1105 AZ Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Amsterdam Reproduction and Development research institute 2 , 1105 AZ Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cindy M.","family":"de Winter-Korver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam 1 Reproductive Biology Laboratory , , 1105 AZ Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Amsterdam Reproduction and Development research institute 2 , 1105 AZ Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6200-7553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Mei\u00dfner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam 1 Reproductive Biology Laboratory , , 1105 AZ Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Amsterdam Reproduction and Development research institute 2 , 1105 AZ Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam 4 Department of Urology , , 1105 AZ Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9583-6796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Geert","family":"Hamer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam 1 Reproductive Biology Laboratory , , 1105 AZ Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Amsterdam Reproduction and Development research institute 2 , 1105 AZ Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3932-4419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dirk G.","family":"de Rooij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Utrecht University 5 Reproductive Biology Group, Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science , , 3584 CH Utrecht ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2501-3003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rod T.","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Reproductive Health, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh 3 , Edinburgh EH16 4UU ,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"Royal Hospital for Children and Young People 6 Department of Paediatric Endocrinology , , Edinburgh EH16 4TJ ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9160-7585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Callista L.","family":"Mulder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam 1 Reproductive Biology Laboratory , , 1105 AZ Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Amsterdam Reproduction and Development research institute 2 , 1105 AZ Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020603513795800_BIO062319C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5357","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-1207","article-title":"Changes in anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) throughout the life span: a population-based study of 1027 healthy males from birth (cord blood) to the age of 69 years","volume":"95","author":"Aksglaede","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. 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