{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T10:21:53Z","timestamp":1789122113817,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Research Council","award":["101124827"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101124827"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Research Council of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["356397"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["356397"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018694","name":"Horizon Europe Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["101110339"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101110339"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018694","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Turku University from Research Council of Finland grant"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Rapid climate change is increasing thermal extremes that may challenge developing endotherms. In altricial birds, early postnatal life is a sensitive period because thermoregulatory and physiological systems are still maturing. We experimentally manipulated nest temperature in a wild population of great tit to test whether mild, ecologically realistic heat (+2.3\u00b0C) and cold (\u22121.3\u00b0C) challenges affected development and physiology. Treatments were applied from days 2-8 post-hatching, and we measured growth, survival, hydration status (plasma osmolarity and uric acid), mitochondrial density, and immunoglobulin levels. Contrary to our predictions, thermal manipulation had no detectable effects on survival, morphology, or physiological traits at either day 8 or day 14. In contrast, all physiological markers varied significantly with age, reflecting normal osmoregulatory, metabolic, and immune development. These findings suggest that moderate, short-term thermal deviations during early development fall within the tolerance range of this population, or that parental behaviour buffered nestlings against temperature changes. However, stronger or prolonged extremes may exceed buffering capacity, and delayed effects cannot be excluded. Long-term studies are needed to assess latent fitness costs under increasingly variable climates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/bio.062670","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T07:25:55Z","timestamp":1785914755000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impacts of early-life thermal challenge on development, survival, and physiology in wild great tits"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6867-7443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julie","family":"Fleitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Turku 1 Department of Biology , , 20500 Turku ,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3494-6303","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e9mence","family":"Furic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Turku 1 Department of Biology , , 20500 Turku ,","place":["Finland"]},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178 2 Department of Ecology, Physiology and Ethology , , 67000 Strasbourg ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9030-7820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charli S.","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 3 Department of Biological and Environmental Science , , 40014 Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 ,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenna","family":"Palttala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 3 Department of Biological and Environmental Science , , 40014 Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 ,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8292-7601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Giongo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 3 Department of Biological and Environmental Science , , 40014 Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 ,","place":["Finland"]},{"name":"University of Padua 4 Department of Biological , , 35122 Padova ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8944-7130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Loan","family":"Hognon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178 2 Department of Ecology, Physiology and Ethology , , 67000 Strasbourg ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5582-9455","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suvi","family":"Ruuskanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 3 Department of Biological and Environmental Science , , 40014 Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 ,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7151-2773","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophie","family":"Reichert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Turku 1 Department of Biology , , 20500 Turku ,","place":["Finland"]},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178 2 Department of Ecology, Physiology and Ethology , , 67000 Strasbourg ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s40104-016-0097-5","article-title":"Association between heat stress and oxidative stress in poultry; mitochondrial dysfunction and dietary interventions with phytochemicals","volume":"7","author":"Akbarian","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.51812\/of.133859","article-title":"Behavioural responses of great tits to experimental manipulation of nest temperature during incubation","volume":"91","author":"\u00c1lvarez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ornis Fenn."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"jav-01620","DOI":"10.1111\/jav.01620","article-title":"Experimentally increased nest temperature affects body temperature, growth and apparent survival in blue tit nestlings","volume":"49","author":"Andreasson","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Avian Biol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2011.07.010","article-title":"Hematocrit and blood osmolality in developing chicken embryos (Gallus gallus): In vivo and in vitro regulation","volume":"179","author":"Andrewartha","year":"2011","journal-title":"Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.3184\/175815513X13609528031394","article-title":"The effects of Nestbox thermal environment on fledging success and haematocrit in tree swallows","volume":"6","author":"Ardia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Avian Biol. Res."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1007\/s00265-015-1910-4","article-title":"Effects of nest predation risk on female incubation behavior and offspring growth in great tits","volume":"69","author":"Basso","year":"2015","journal-title":"Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01","article-title":"Fitting linear mixed effects models using lme4","volume":"67","author":"Bates","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/icr053","article-title":"Adaptive thermoregulation in endotherms may alter responses to climate change","volume":"51","author":"Boyles","year":"2011","journal-title":"Integr. Comp. Biol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1600","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0014-3820.2005.tb01810.x","article-title":"Local adaptation to winter conditions in a passerine spreading north: a common-garden approach","volume":"59","author":"Broggi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"jeb244848","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.244848","article-title":"Heat tolerance limits of Mediterranean songbirds and their current and future vulnerabilities to temperature extremes","volume":"225","author":"Cabello-Vergel","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"jeb249880","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.249880","article-title":"Linking warmer nest temperatures to reduced body size in seabird nestlings: possible mitochondrial bioenergetic and proteomic mechanisms","volume":"228","author":"Casagrande","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1086\/589548","article-title":"Stress, metabolism, and antioxidants in two wild passerine bird species","volume":"81","author":"Cohen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Physiol. Biochem. Zool."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7346","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.7565","article-title":"The effect of nest temperature on growth and survival in juvenile Great Tits (Parus major)","volume":"11","author":"Corregidor-Castro","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2435.2011.01834.x","article-title":"Predation risk affects offspring growth via maternal effects","volume":"4","author":"Coslovsky","year":"2011","journal-title":"Funct. Ecol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"jeb245932","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.245932","article-title":"Early-life environmental effects on mitochondrial aerobic metabolism: a brood size manipulation in wild great tits","volume":"226","author":"Cossin-Sevrin","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-0425-8_4","article-title":"Energetic features of avian thermoregulatory responses","volume-title":"Avian Energetics and Nutritional Ecology","author":"Dawson","year":"1996"},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1007\/s00442-005-0075-7","article-title":"The importance of microclimate variation in determining size, growth and survival of avian offspring: experimental evidence from a cavity nesting passerine","volume":"144","author":"Dawson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5382","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.17107","article-title":"Cool, dry nights and short heatwaves during growth result in longer telomeres in temperate songbird nestlings","volume":"32","author":"Eastwood","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Ecol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e03301","DOI":"10.1111\/jav.03301","article-title":"Using metabolic data to investigate the role of brood size in the development of endothermy","volume":"3","author":"Engert","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Avian Biol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1038\/s41558-021-01092-9","article-title":"Increasing probability of record-shattering climate extremes","volume":"11","author":"Fischer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Clim. Change"},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1111\/2041-210X.12584","article-title":"BORIS: a free, versatile open-source event-logging software for video\/audio coding and live observations","volume":"7","author":"Friard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Methods Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"03511","DOI":"10.1002\/jav.03511","article-title":"Warm and cool temperatures decrease early-life telomere length in wild pied flycatchers","volume":"2026","author":"Furic","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Avian Biol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1757","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/icae147","article-title":"Recent advances in the mechanistic understanding of avian responses to environmental challenges","volume":"64","author":"Gerson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Integr. Comp. Biol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.2307\/2605","article-title":"Food and food supply of nestling tits (Paridae) in breckland pine","volume":"32","author":"Gibb","year":"1963","journal-title":"J. Anim. Ecol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C25","first-page":"421","article-title":"Acta XVIII Congressus Internationalis Ornithologici","author":"Gavrilov","year":"1985"},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-294x.1998.00389.x","article-title":"A DNA test to sex most birds","volume":"7","author":"Griffiths","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mol. Ecol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2309","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2003.2485","article-title":"Immune function across generations: integrating mechanism and evolutionary process in maternal antibody transmission","volume":"270","author":"Grindstaff","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780198718666.003.0014","article-title":"Influence of incubation temperature on offspring phenotype and fitness in birds","volume-title":"Nests, Eggs, and Incubation","author":"Hepp","year":"2015"},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14563","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-71511-y","article-title":"Testing for context-dependent effects of prenatal thyroid hormones on offspring survival and physiology: an experimental temperature manipulation","volume":"10","author":"Hsu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.59327\/ipcc\/ar6-9789291691647","article-title":"IPCC, 2023: Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change","author":"IPCC","year":"2023"},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1007\/s10336-015-1199-0","article-title":"Black Sparrowhawk brooding behaviour in relation to chick age and weather variation in the recently colonised Cape Peninsula, South Africa","volume":"156","author":"Katzenberger","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Ornithol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e9639","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0009639","article-title":"Are maternal antibodies really that important? patterns in the immunologic development of altricial passerine house sparrows (Passer domesticus)","volume":"5","author":"King","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C34","author":"Lenth","year":"2026"},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e71771","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.71771","article-title":"The complex relationship between high temperatures and avian breeding success: insights from a global review","volume":"15","author":"Levillain","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.3390\/ani15121769","article-title":"Physiological responses of laying hens to chronic cold stress and ammonia exposure: implications for environmental management and poultry welfare","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-5347(99)01639-0","article-title":"Early development and fitness in birds and mammals","volume":"14","author":"Lindstr\u00f6m","year":"1999","journal-title":"Trends Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eabm0197","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abm0197","article-title":"Winter mortality of a passerine bird increases following hotter summers and during winters with higher maximum temperatures","volume":"9","author":"Lv","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00011.2019","article-title":"The physiology of heat tolerance in small endotherms","volume":"34","author":"McKechnie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiology"},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"jeb246819","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.246819","article-title":"Manipulation of a social signal affects DNA methylation of a stress-related gene in a free-living bird","volume":"227","author":"McNew","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-5347(01)02124-3","article-title":"Compensation for a bad start: grow now, pay later?","volume":"16","author":"Metcalfe","year":"2001","journal-title":"Trends Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1080\/00063657.2015.1073680","article-title":"A spring cold snap is followed by an extreme reproductive failure event in a mountain population of Pied Flycatchers Ficedula hypoleuca","volume":"62","author":"Moreno","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bird Study"},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"jeb201954","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.201954","article-title":"Maternal food supplementation and perceived predation risk modify egg composition and eggshell traits but not offspring condition","volume":"222","author":"Morosinotto","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1006\/anbe.1999.1380","article-title":"Patch time allocation and patch sampling by foraging great and blue tits","volume":"59","author":"Naef-Daenzer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anim. Behav."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"coy010","DOI":"10.1093\/conphys\/coy010","article-title":"Elevated temperatures are associated with stress in rooftop-nesting Common Nighthawk (Chordeiles minor) chicks","volume":"6","author":"Newberry","year":"2018","journal-title":"Conserv. Physiol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.00419","article-title":"Lifelong effects of thermal challenges during development in birds and mammals","volume":"11","author":"Nord","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20160087","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2016.0087","article-title":"Long-term consequences of high incubation temperature in a wild bird population","volume":"12","author":"Nord","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biol. Lett."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C50","first-page":"236","article-title":"Laying dates and clutch size in the great tit","volume":"101","author":"Perrins","year":"1989","journal-title":"Wilson Bull."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15936","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.8263","article-title":"The thermoregulatory role of relative bill and leg surface areas in a Mediterranean population of Great tit (Parus major)","volume":"11","author":"Play\u00e0-Montmany","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1007\/s00360-017-1135-0","article-title":"Development of endothermy in birds: patterns and mechanisms","volume":"188","author":"Price","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. B."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C73","author":"R Core Team, R.","year":"2024"},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.13157\/arla.63.2.2016.ra2","article-title":"Effects of cool nest microclimates on nestling development: an experimental study with mediterranean great tits Parus major","volume":"63","author":"Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ardeola."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.6620\/ZS.2016.55-40","article-title":"Nestling growth is impaired by heat stress: an experimental study in a mediterranean great tit population","volume":"55","author":"Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Zool. Stud."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"jeb246024","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.246024","article-title":"Early-life environmental effects on birds: epigenetics and microbiome as mechanisms underlying long-lasting phenotypic changes","volume":"227","author":"Ruuskanen","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2610","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-014-3498-z","article-title":"No delayed behavioral and phenotypic responses to experimental early-life lead exposure in great tits (Parus major)","volume":"22","author":"Ruuskanen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research"},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1111\/ibi.12121","article-title":"Effects of temperature and nest heat exposure on nestling growth, dehydration and survival in a Mediterranean hole-nesting passerine","volume":"156","author":"Salaberria","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ibis"},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20250521","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2025.0521","article-title":"Within-individual changes in mitochondrial DNA copy number across the life course and links to individual performance","volume":"22","author":"Salm\u00f3n","year":"2026","journal-title":"Biol. Lett."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70794","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.70794","article-title":"Developmental stage-specific responses to extreme climatic events and environmental variability in great tit nestlings","volume":"32","author":"Satarkar","year":"2026","journal-title":"Glob. Change Biol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actao.2016.06.004","article-title":"Caterpillar biomass depends on temperature and precipitation, but does not affect bird reproduction","volume":"74","author":"Sch\u00f6ll","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Oecol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809648","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.809648","article-title":"Meta-analysis and systematic review of the thermal stress response: gallus gallus domesticus show low immune responses during heat stress","volume":"13","author":"Siddiqui","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2021.12.21.473625","article-title":"From climate warming to accelerated cellular ageing: an experimental study in a wild passerine bird","author":"Stier","year":"2021","journal-title":"BioRxiv"},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7400","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-43071-y","article-title":"Inconsistent shifts in warming and temperature variability are linked to reduced avian fitness","volume":"14","author":"Taff","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2026.03.024","article-title":"Organismal robustness and resilience to declining temperature predict reproductive outcomes in a wild bird","volume":"36","author":"Taff","year":"2026","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.2722","article-title":"Social signal manipulation and environmental challenges have independent effects on physiology, internal microbiome, and reproductive performance in tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor)","volume":"339","author":"Taff","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A: Ecological and Integrative Physiology"},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C64","author":"Therneau","year":"2022"},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C76","author":"Tizard","year":"2024","journal-title":"Veterinary immunology-E-book: Veterinary immunology-E-book"},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661670","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.661670","article-title":"Effects of heat waves during post-natal development on mitochondrial and whole body physiology: an experimental study in zebra finches","volume":"12","author":"Ton","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1007\/s00442-020-04644-6","article-title":"High temperatures are associated with substantial reductions in breeding success and offspring quality in an arid-zone bird","volume":"193","author":"van De Ven","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"jeb227363","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.227363","article-title":"Detrimental or beneficial? Untangling the literature on developmental stress studies in birds","volume":"224","author":"Wada","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20220357","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2022.0357","article-title":"Temperature, size and developmental plasticity in birds","volume":"18","author":"Weeks","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biol. Lett."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195122343.001.0001","volume-title":"Developmental Plasticity and Evolution","author":"West-Eberhard","year":"2003"},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eadq8086","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adq8086","article-title":"Climate change aggravates bird mortality in pristine tropical forests","volume":"11","author":"Wolfe","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C77","volume-title":"mgcv-Package Mixed GAM Computation Vehicle With GCV\/AIC\/REML Smoothness Estimation and GAMMs by REML\/PQL","author":"Wood","year":"2017"},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2435.14704","article-title":"Heat alters diverse thermal tolerance mechanisms: an organismal framework for studying climate change effects in a wild bird","volume":"39","author":"Woodruff","year":"2025","journal-title":"Funct. Ecol."},{"key":"2026091105173530000_BIO062670C72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.3184\/175815618X15366607700458","article-title":"Heat shock protein expression is upregulated after acute heat exposure in three species of Australian desert birds","volume":"11","author":"Xie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Avian Biol. Res."}],"container-title":["Biology Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/bio\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1242\/bio.062670\/3711372\/bio062670.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/bio\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1242\/bio.062670\/3717034\/bio062670.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/bio\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1242\/bio.062670\/3717034\/bio062670.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T09:17:47Z","timestamp":1789118267000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/bio\/article\/15\/9\/bio062670\/372861\/Impacts-of-early-life-thermal-challenge-on"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/bio.062670","relation":{},"ISSN":["2046-6390"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2046-6390","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"article-number":"bio062670"}}