{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,11]],"date-time":"2026-11-11T14:54:59Z","timestamp":1794408899341,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":117,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,11]],"date-time":"2026-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1794355200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Holsworth Wildlife Research Endowment","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0229evh14","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Symbio Conservation Foundation"},{"name":"Australian Government Research Training Program","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0314h5y94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"University of Wollongong","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00jtmb277","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Ultraviolet (UV) radiation can be harmful to amphibians by causing DNA damage, impairing immune systems, and restricting growth. In response to elevated UV, amphibians have been observed to invest in skin darkening for photoprotection. However, it is unclear whether investment in pigmentation persists across life stages or whether there are other carryover effects of UV exposure on amphibian colouration. Here, we experimentally investigate the effects of larval UV exposure on larval and post-metamorphic colouration of the threatened green and golden bell frog (Ranoidea aurea). UV exposure was provided via two treatments: low UV (\u223c0.3\u20130.9\u2005UV index) and high UV (\u223c0.8\u20132.6\u2005UV index), both within the intensity range found in nature. Over the experimental period, colouration was measured at weeks 4, 6, and 8 and then immediately post-metamorphosis. As expected, larvae reared under higher UV exposure exhibited stronger skin darkening up until metamorphosis. This trend persisted post-metamorphosis, with metamorphs from the high-UV treatment exhibiting darker colouration. Metamorphs from the high-UV treatment also displayed a higher proportion of gold colouration that was long wave shifted in hue and lower in chroma. Collectively, these findings provide some of the first evidence that UV exposure has carryover effects on amphibian colouration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/bio.062793","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T08:47:55Z","timestamp":1790930875000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ultraviolet radiation exposure during larval development is associated with changes in colouration of green and golden bell frogs (\n                    <i>Ranoidea aurea<\/i>\n                    )"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2430-5927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ewan S.","family":"Auld","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wollongong 1 Environmental Futures, School of Science , , Wollongong, NSW 2500 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2277-9030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aimee J.","family":"Silla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wollongong 1 Environmental Futures, School of Science , , Wollongong, NSW 2500 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7557-7627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John A.","family":"Endler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deakin University 2 Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Science , , Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2183-9959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Phillip G.","family":"Byrne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wollongong 1 Environmental Futures, School of Science , , Wollongong, NSW 2500 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026111106385785400_BIO062793C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198203253061206","article-title":"Vitamin-D synthesis and metabolism after ultraviolet irradiation of normal and vitamin-D-deficient subjects","volume":"306","author":"Adams","year":"1982","journal-title":"N. 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