{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T08:03:51Z","timestamp":1779177831576,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>LIM homeobox family members regulate a variety of cell fate choices during animal development. In C. elegans, mutations in the LIM homeobox gene lin-11 have previously been shown to alter the cell division pattern of a subset of the 2\u00b0 lineage vulval cells. We demonstrate multiple functions of lin-11 during vulval development. We examined the fate of vulval cells in lin-11 mutant animals using five cellular markers and found that lin-11 is necessary for the patterning of both 1\u00b0and 2\u00b0 lineage cells. In the absence of lin-11 function, vulval cells fail to acquire correct identity and inappropriately fuse with each other. The expression pattern of lin-11 reveals dynamic changes during development. Using a temporally controlled overexpression system, we show that lin-11 is initially required in vulval cells for establishing the correct invagination pattern. This process involves asymmetric expression of lin-11 in the 2\u00b0 lineage cells. Using a conditional RNAi approach, we show that lin-11 regulates vulval morphogenesis. Finally, we show that LDB-1, a NLI\/Ldb1\/CLIM2 family member,interacts physically with LIN-11, and is necessary for vulval morphogenesis. Together, these findings demonstrate that temporal regulation of lin-11 is crucial for the wild-type vulval patterning.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.00500","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,7]],"date-time":"2003-05-07T21:48:46Z","timestamp":1052344126000},"page":"2589-2601","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["The <i>C. elegans<\/i> LIM homeobox gene <i>lin-11<\/i> specifies multiple cell fates during vulval development"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"130","author":[{"given":"Bhagwati P.","family":"Gupta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"GHHMI and Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology,Pasadena, CA 91125, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Minqin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Present address: University of Illinois College of Law, Champaign, IL 61820,USAG"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul W.","family":"Sternberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GHHMI and Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology,Pasadena, CA 91125, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"237","reference":[{"key":"2021042611465714900_REF1","unstructured":"Ambros, V. 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