{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T16:15:35Z","timestamp":1789661735958,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>During C. elegans vulval development, the anchor cell (AC) in the somatic gonad expresses lin-3, activating the EGF receptor signaling pathway in vulval precursor cells (VPCs) and thereby inducing and patterning VPCs. Previous studies with lin-3 mutants and transgene expression have revealed that the level of LIN-3 in the AC must be precisely regulated for proper vulval development. To understand how lin-3 expression is achieved in the AC, we identified a 59 bp lin-3 enhancer sufficient to activate lin-3 transcription solely in the AC. The enhancer contains two E-box elements, and one FTZ-F1 nuclear hormone receptor (NHR)binding site that is mutated in a vulvaless mutant, lin-3(e1417). Mutagenesis studies show that both E-boxes and the NHR binding site are necessary to express lin-3 in the AC. In vitro DNA-binding studies and in vivo functional assays indicate that distinct trans-acting factors,including the E-protein\/Daughterless homolog HLH-2 and unidentified nuclear hormone receptor(s), are necessary for lin-3 transcription in the AC and thus are involved in vulval development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.00924","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,8]],"date-time":"2003-12-08T20:12:49Z","timestamp":1070914369000},"page":"143-151","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"title":["A cell-specific enhancer that specifies\n                    <i>lin-3<\/i>\n                    expression in the\n                    <i>C. elegans<\/i>\n                    anchor cell for vulval development"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"131","author":[{"given":"Byung Joon","family":"Hwang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Division of Biology, 156-29 California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena,CA 91125, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul W.","family":"Sternberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Division of Biology, 156-29 California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena,CA 91125, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","reference":[{"key":"2021042620573530600_REF1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Asahina, M., Ishihara, T., Jindra, M., Kohara, Y., Katsura, I. and Hirose, S. 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