{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T04:34:59Z","timestamp":1791434099055,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The genetic hierarchies guiding lineage specification and morphogenesis of the mammalian embryonic heart are poorly understood. We now show by gene targeting that murine T-box transcription factor Tbx20 plays a central role in these pathways, and has important activities in both cardiac development and adult function. Loss of Tbx20 results in death of embryos at mid-gestation with grossly abnormal heart morphogenesis. Underlying these disturbances was a severely compromised cardiac transcriptional program,defects in the molecular pre-pattern, reduced expansion of cardiac progenitors and a block to chamber differentiation. Notably, Tbx20-null embryos showed ectopic activation of Tbx2 across the whole heart myogenic field. Tbx2 encodes a transcriptional repressor normally expressed in non-chamber myocardium, and in the atrioventricular canal it has been proposed to inhibit chamber-specific gene expression through competition with positive factor Tbx5. Our data demonstrate a repressive activity for Tbx20 and place it upstream of Tbx2 in the cardiac genetic program. Thus, hierarchical,repressive interactions between Tbx20 and other T-box genes and factors underlie the primary lineage split into chamber and non-chamber myocardium in the forming heart, an early event upon which all subsequent morphogenesis depends. Additional roles for Tbx20 in adult heart integrity and contractile function were revealed by in-vivo cardiac functional analysis of Tbx20 heterozygous mutant mice. These data suggest that mutations in human cardiac transcription factor genes, possibly including TBX20,underlie both congenital heart disease and adult cardiomyopathies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.01799","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,20]],"date-time":"2005-04-20T20:13:55Z","timestamp":1114028035000},"page":"2451-2462","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":216,"title":["Murine T-box transcription factor Tbx20 acts as a repressor during heart development, and is essential for adult heart integrity, function and adaptation"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"132","author":[{"given":"Fiona A.","family":"Stennard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, St Vincent's Hospital, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst 2010, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauro W.","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, St Vincent's Hospital, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst 2010, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Laborato\u0301rio de Cardiologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 20941-000,Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donna","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, St Vincent's Hospital, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst 2010, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Biben","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, St Vincent's Hospital, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst 2010, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milena B.","family":"Furtado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, St Vincent's Hospital, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst 2010, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark J.","family":"Solloway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, St Vincent's Hospital, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst 2010, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"McCulley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0130, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christiana","family":"Leimena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, St Vincent's Hospital, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst 2010, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jost I.","family":"Preis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, St Vincent's Hospital, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst 2010, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sally L.","family":"Dunwoodie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, St Vincent's Hospital, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst 2010, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Faculties of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of New South Wales,Kensington 2056, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David E.","family":"Elliott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, St Vincent's Hospital, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst 2010, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Owen W. 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