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In this study, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was combined with fluorescence imaging to show that developing inner ear hair cells and supporting cells have different cell surface mechanical properties with different developmental time courses. We also explored the cytoskeletal organization of developing sensory and non-sensory cells, and used pharmacological modulation of cytoskeletal elements to show that the developmental increase of hair cell stiffness is a direct result of actin filaments, whereas the development of supporting cell surface mechanical properties depends on the extent of microtubule acetylation. Finally, this study found that the fibroblast growth factor signaling pathway is necessary for the developmental time course of cell surface mechanical properties, in part owing to the effects on microtubule structure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.073734","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,10]],"date-time":"2012-05-10T01:11:21Z","timestamp":1336612281000},"page":"2187-2197","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Cytoskeletal changes in actin and microtubules underlie the developing surface mechanical properties of sensory and supporting cells in the mouse cochlea"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"139","author":[{"given":"Katherine B.","family":"Szarama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section on Auditory Mechanics, Laboratory of Cellular Biology, National Institute on Deafness and other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA."},{"name":"Section on Developmental Neuroscience, Laboratory of Cochlear Development, National Institute on Deafness and other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA."},{"name":"Center for Hearing and Communication Research, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N\u00faria","family":"Gavara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section on Auditory Mechanics, Laboratory of Cellular Biology, National Institute on Deafness and other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald S.","family":"Petralia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Imaging Core, National Institute on Deafness and other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew W.","family":"Kelley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section on Developmental Neuroscience, Laboratory of Cochlear Development, National Institute on Deafness and other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard S.","family":"Chadwick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section on Auditory Mechanics, Laboratory of Cellular Biology, National Institute on Deafness and other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","reference":[{"key":"2021042606180826300_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0709(83)80043-X","article-title":"Cytodifferentiation of cochlear hair cells","volume":"4","author":"Anniko","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am. 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