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Smad1 silencing, based on RNA interference (RNAi), was performed in pre-migratory FNC cells. Soon after electroporation of RNAi molecules, Smad1 inactivation abolished the expression of Foxg1 in the chick telencephalon, resulting in dramatic microcephaly and partial holoprosencephaly. In addition, the depletion of Foxg1 activity altered the expression Otx2 and Foxa2 in di\/mesencephalic neuroepithelium. However, when mutated forms of Smad1 mediating Fgf and Wnt signalling were transfected into FNC cells, these defects were overcome. We also show that, downstream of Smad1 activity, Dkk1, a Wnt antagonist produced by the FNC, initiated the specification of the telencephalon by regulating Foxg1 activity. Additionally, the activity of Cerberus in FNC-derived mesenchyme synergised with Dkk1 to control Foxg1 expression and maintain the balance between Otx2 and Foxa2.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.101790","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,10]],"date-time":"2014-06-10T11:24:45Z","timestamp":1402399485000},"page":"2494-2505","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["The facial neural crest controls fore- and midbrain patterning by regulating Foxg1 expression through Smad1 activity"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"141","author":[{"given":"Diego P.","family":"Aguiar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Neurobiologie, Laboratoire de Neurobiologie et D\u00e9veloppement, Avenue de la Terrasse, Gif-sur-Yvette 91198, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soufien","family":"Sghari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Neurobiologie, Laboratoire de Neurobiologie et D\u00e9veloppement, Avenue de la Terrasse, Gif-sur-Yvette 91198, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Creuzet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Neurobiologie, Laboratoire de Neurobiologie et D\u00e9veloppement, Avenue de la Terrasse, Gif-sur-Yvette 91198, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","reference":[{"key":"2021052723570058000_DEV101790C1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5091","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.125.24.5091","article-title":"Visceral endoderm-restricted translation of Otx1 mediates recovery of Otx2 requirements for specification of anterior neural plate and normal gastrulation","volume":"125","author":"Acampora","year":"1998","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"2021052723570058000_DEV101790C2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1038\/ejhg.2012.127","article-title":"14q12 and severe Rett-like phenotypes: new clinical insights and physical mapping of FOXG1 regulatory elements","volume":"20","author":"Allou","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. 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