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Although advances have been made, the capacity to generate highly enriched pools of subgroup fate-committed interneuron progenitors from PSCs has remained elusive. Previous studies have suggested that the two main MGE-derived interneuron subgroups\u2009\u2013\u2009those expressing somatostatin (SST) and those expressing parvalbumin (PV)\u2009\u2013\u2009are specified in the MGE from Nkx2.1-expressing progenitors at higher or lower levels of sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling, respectively. To further explore the role of Shh and other factors in cIN fate determination, we generated a reporter line such that Nkx2.1-expressing progenitors express mCherry and postmitotic Lhx6-expressing MGE-derived interneurons express GFP. Manipulations of Shh exposure and time in culture influenced the subgroup fates of ESC-derived interneurons. Exposure to higher Shh levels, and collecting GFP-expressing precursors at 12\u2005days in culture, resulted in the strongest enrichment for SST interneurons over those expressing PV, whereas the strongest enrichment for PV interneurons was produced by lower Shh and by collecting mCherry-expressing cells after 17\u2005days in culture. These findings confirm that fate determination of cIN subgroups is crucially influenced by Shh signaling, and provide a system for the further study of interneuron fate and function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.111526","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,24]],"date-time":"2015-03-24T11:17:03Z","timestamp":1427195823000},"page":"1267-1278","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Duration of culture and sonic hedgehog signaling differentially specify PV versus SST cortical interneuron fates from embryonic stem cells"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"142","author":[{"given":"Jennifer A.","family":"Tyson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine ARC 517, Philadelphia, PA 19104-5127, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ethan M.","family":"Goldberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19083, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19083, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asif M.","family":"Maroof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard University Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy J.","family":"Petros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stewart A.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine ARC 517, Philadelphia, PA 19104-5127, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","reference":[{"key":"2021042608250482400_DEV111526C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2013.09.022","article-title":"A modular gain-of-function approach to generate cortical interneuron subtypes from ES cells","volume":"80","author":"Au","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2021042608250482400_DEV111526C2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2387","article-title":"SOX6 controls dorsal progenitor identity and interneuron diversity during neocortical development","volume":"12","author":"Azim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. 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