{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T03:06:46Z","timestamp":1777777606518,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1993,7,1]],"date-time":"1993-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":741484800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.biologists.com\/user-licence-1-1\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Mutations associated with genes of the EGF superfamily are implicated in facial malformations arising from abnormal development of the first branchial arch. EGF and EGF receptor (EGFr) transcripts are expressed in the mouse embryonic first branchial arch and derivatives from E9 through E15. EGF transcripts are localized to ectomesenchymal cells associated with precartilage, cartilage, bone and tooth-forming cells. EGF and EGFr proteins co-localize to the same cells suggesting an autocrine regulation. To test whether EGF effects the timing and positional information required for Meckel\u2019s cartilage (MC) and tooth development, we cultured E10 mandibular explants in serumless, chemically defined medium with either antisense or sense EGF oligodeoxynucleotides. Antisense inhibition of EGF expression produces bilaterally symmetrical Fusilli form dysmorphogenesis of MC and decreases tooth bud size; these effects are reversed by the addition of exogenous EGF to the culture medium. Tyrphostin RG 50864, which inhibits EGF receptor kinase activity, inhibits EGF stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation in a concentration-dependent manner and severely retards mandibular development yet increases tooth size. These findings support the hypothesis that endogenous EGF and EGF-like proteins provide signalling to regulate the size and shape both of cartilage and tooth formation during craniofacial morphogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.118.3.903","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]],"date-time":"2021-04-26T01:22:11Z","timestamp":1619400131000},"page":"903-917","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["EGF abrogation-induced <i>fusilli<\/i>-form dysmorphogenesis of Meckel\u2019s cartilage during embryonic mouse mandibular morphogenesis in vitro"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Lillian","family":"Shum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California 1 The Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry , , Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasunori","family":"Sakakura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California 1 The Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry , , Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Pablo","family":"Bringas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California 1 The Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry , , Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California 1 The Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry , , Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malcolm L.","family":"Snead","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California 1 The Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry , , Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Mayo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California 1 The Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry , , Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Constant","family":"Crohin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California 1 The Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry , , Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sharon","family":"Millar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California 1 The Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry , , Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zena","family":"Werb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California 4 Laboratory of Radiobiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine , , San Francisco, CA 94143-0750, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sue","family":"Buckley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California 2 Developmental Lung Biology Research Center, Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine , , Los Angeles, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fredrick L.","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California 3 Orthopedic Research Laboratory, Division of Pediatric Orthopedics, Childrens Hospital of Los Angeles, School of Medicine , , Los Angeles, CA,USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Warburton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California 2 Developmental Lung Biology Research Center, Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine , , Los Angeles, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harold C.","family":"Slavkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California 1 The Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry , , Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1993,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024121723042083300_DEVELOP_118_3_903C1","first-page":"219","article-title":"Retinoids and epidermal growth factor alter embryonic mouse palatal epithelial and mesenchymal cell differentiation in organ culture","volume":"7","author":"Abbott","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. 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