{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T22:43:40Z","timestamp":1791067420539,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1994,10,1]],"date-time":"1994-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":780969600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.biologists.com\/user-licence-1-1\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>We report the identification of RK2, a glial-specific home-odomain protein. RK2 is localized to the nucleus of virtually all embryonic and imaginal glial cells, with the exception of midline glia. Embryos mutant for the gene encoding RK2 are embryonic lethal but normal for early gliogenesis (birth, initial divisions and migration of glia) and axonogenesis (neuronal pathfinding and fasciculation). However, later in development, there are significantly fewer longitudinal glia that are spatially disorganized; in addition, there is a slight disorganization of axon fascicles and a defective nerve cord condensation. This suggests that RK2 is not required for early glial determination, but rather for aspects of glial differentiation or function that are required for embryonic viability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.120.10.2957","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]],"date-time":"2021-04-26T01:32:49Z","timestamp":1619400769000},"page":"2957-2966","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":245,"title":["RK2, a glial-specific homeodomain protein required for embryonic nerve cord condensation and viability in <i>Drosophila<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"120","author":[{"given":"Gerard","family":"Campbell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University 1 Center for Neurobiology and Behavior and Department of Genetics and Development , , 701 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harald","family":"G\u00f6ring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University 1 Center for Neurobiology and Behavior and Department of Genetics and Development , , 701 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tina","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University 1 Center for Neurobiology and Behavior and Department of Genetics and Development , , 701 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Spana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois, 2 Department of Cell and Structural Biology , 505 S. Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siv","family":"Andersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University 1 Center for Neurobiology and Behavior and Department of Genetics and Development , , 701 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris Q.","family":"Doe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois, 2 Department of Cell and Structural Biology , 505 S. Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Tomlinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University 1 Center for Neurobiology and Behavior and Department of Genetics and Development , , 701 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1994,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024121723461571000_DEVELOP_120_10_2957C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3542","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.06-12-03542.1986","article-title":"Guidance of neuronal growth cones in the grasshopper embryo III. Recognition of specific glial pathways","volume":"6","author":"Bastiani","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"2024121723461571000_DEVELOP_120_10_2957C2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3129785","article-title":"Identification and characterization of a neuron-specific nuclear antigen in Drosophila","volume":"240","author":"Bier","year":"1988","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2024121723461571000_DEVELOP_120_10_2957C3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(93)90732-6","article-title":"Axis specification in the developing Drosophila appendage: The role of wingless, decapentaplegic and the homeobox gene aristaless","volume":"74","author":"Campbell","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2024121723461571000_DEVELOP_120_10_2957C4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(94)90282-8","article-title":"Migration of glia along photoreceptor axons in the developing Drosophila eye","volume":"12","author":"Choi","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2024121723461571000_DEVELOP_120_10_2957C5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.116.4.855","article-title":"Molecular markers for identified neuroblasts and ganglion mother cells in the Drosophila central nervous system","volume":"116","author":"Doe","year":"1992","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"2024121723461571000_DEVELOP_120_10_2957C6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(91)90463-9","article-title":"The prospero gene specifies cell fates in the Drosophila central nervous system","volume":"65","author":"Doe","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2024121723461571000_DEVELOP_120_10_2957C7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.106.4.739","article-title":"Glia interactions during Drosophila embryogenesis","volume":"106","author":"Fredieu","year":"1989","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"2024121723461571000_DEVELOP_120_10_2957C8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(86)90516-7","article-title":"Structure of the segmentation gene paired and the Drosophila PRD gene set as part of a gene network","volume":"47","author":"Frigerio","year":"1986","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2024121723461571000_DEVELOP_120_10_2957C9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7929","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.79.24.7929","article-title":"Monoclonal antibodies against the Drosophila nervous system","volume":"79","author":"Fujita","year":"1982","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2024121723461571000_DEVELOP_120_10_2957C10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.120.3.523","article-title":"Glia in the fly wing are clonally related to epithelial cells and use the nerve as a pathway for migration","volume":"120","author":"Giangrande","year":"1994","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"2024121723461571000_DEVELOP_120_10_2957C11","volume-title":"In Drosophila, a Practical Approach","author":"Grigliatti","year":"1986"},{"key":"2024121723461571000_DEVELOP_120_10_2957C12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1002\/neu.480240507","article-title":"Perturbed Glial Scaffold Formation Precedes Axon Tract Malformation in Drosophila Mutants","volume":"24","author":"Jacobs","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Neurobiology"},{"key":"2024121723461571000_DEVELOP_120_10_2957C13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2402","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.09-07-02402.1989","article-title":"Embryonic development of axon pathways in the Drosophila CNS 1. A glial scaffold appears before the first growth cones","volume":"9","author":"Jacobs","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"2024121723461571000_DEVELOP_120_10_2957C14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1625","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(89)90051-2","article-title":"Lineage, migration and morphogenesis of longitudinal glia in the Drosophila CNS as revealed by a molecular lineage marker","volume":"2","author":"Jacobs","year":"1989","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2024121723461571000_DEVELOP_120_10_2957C15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2700","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.79.8.2700","article-title":"antibodies to horseradish peroxidase a specific neuronal markers in Drosophila and grasshopper embryos","volume":"79","author":"Jan","year":"1982","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2024121723461571000_DEVELOP_120_10_2957C16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.440040212","article-title":"The diversity and pattern of glia during axon pathway formation in the Drosophila embryo","volume":"4","author":"Kl\u00e4mbt","year":"1991","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"2024121723461571000_DEVELOP_120_10_2957C17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1038\/355841a0","article-title":"C. elegans unc-4 gene encodes a homeodomain protein that determines the pattern of synaptic input to specific motor neurons","volume":"355","author":"Miller","year":"1992","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2024121723461571000_DEVELOP_120_10_2957C18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901410303","article-title":"Neuron-glia relationship during granule cell migration in the developing cerebellar cortex: A golgi and electron microscopic study in Macacus rhesus","volume":"141","author":"Rakic","year":"1971","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol"},{"key":"2024121723461571000_DEVELOP_120_10_2957C19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-1606(88)90139-X","article-title":"The locus elav of Drosophila melanogaster is expressed in neurons at all developmental stages","volume":"126","author":"Robinow","year":"1988","journal-title":"Dev. Biol"},{"key":"2024121723461571000_DEVELOP_120_10_2957C20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.7.1.114","article-title":"Molecular genetics of aristaless, a prd-type homeobox gene involved in the morphogenesis of proximal and distal pattern elements in a subset of appendages in Drosophila","volume":"7","author":"Schneitz","year":"1993","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"2024121723461571000_DEVELOP_120_10_2957C21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902100103","article-title":"Axonal guidance during development of the great cerebral commisures: Descriptive and experimental studies in vivo on the role of preformed glial pathways","volume":"210","author":"Silver","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol"},{"key":"2024121723461571000_DEVELOP_120_10_2957C22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901850102","article-title":"Axonal guidance during embryogenesis and regeneration in the spinal cord of the newt. The blueprint hypothesis of neuronal pathway patterning","volume":"185","author":"Singer","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol"},{"key":"2024121723461571000_DEVELOP_120_10_2957C23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(88)90005-4","article-title":"Single-step purification of polypeptides expressed in Escherichia coli as fusions with glutathione S-transferase","volume":"67","author":"Smith","year":"1988","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"2024121723461571000_DEVELOP_120_10_2957C24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.118.3.765","article-title":"A common precursor for glia and neurons in the embryonic CNS of Drosophila gives rise to segment-specific lineage variants","volume":"118","author":"Udolph","year":"1993","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"2024121723461571000_DEVELOP_120_10_2957C25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.115.4.903","article-title":"Generation and early differentiation of glial cells in the first optic ganglion of Drosophila melanogaster","volume":"115","author":"Winberg","year":"1992","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"2024121723461571000_DEVELOP_120_10_2957C26","first-page":"93","article-title":"The origin of sensory neurons in an insect Rhodnius prolixus Hemiptera","volume":"94","author":"Wigglesworth","year":"1953","journal-title":"Quart. J. Microsc. Sci"},{"key":"2024121723461571000_DEVELOP_120_10_2957C27","first-page":"981","article-title":"Genes Dev","volume":"8","author":"While this paper was in review, a gene with similar expression, called repo, was described","year":"1994","journal-title":"rk2 alleles do not complement repo alleles"}],"container-title":["Development"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/dev\/article-pdf\/120\/10\/2957\/3594056\/develop_120_10_2957.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/dev\/article-pdf\/120\/10\/2957\/3594056\/develop_120_10_2957.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,17]],"date-time":"2024-12-17T23:47:10Z","timestamp":1734479230000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/dev\/article\/120\/10\/2957\/38157\/RK2-a-glial-specific-homeodomain-protein-required"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994,10,1]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/dev.120.10.2957","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-1991","1477-9129"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-1991","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-9129","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1994,10,1]]}}}