{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T17:07:50Z","timestamp":1791306470243,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1997,8,1]],"date-time":"1997-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":870393600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.biologists.com\/user-licence-1-1\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Pax-6 is a member of the vertebrate Pax gene family, which is structurally related to the Drosophila pair-rule gene, paired. In mammals, Pax-6 is expressed in several discrete domains of the developing CNS and has been implicated in neural development, although its precise role remains elusive. We found a novel Small eye rat strain (rSey2) with phenotypes similar to mouse and rat Small eye. Analyses of the Pax-6 gene revealed one base (C) insertion in an exon encoding the region downstream of the paired box of the Pax-6 gene, resulting in generation of truncated protein due to the frame shift. To explore the roles of Pax-6 in neural development, we searched for abnormalities in the nervous system in rSey2 homozygous embryos. rSey2\/rSey2 exhibited abnormal development of motor neurons in the hindbrain. The Islet-1-positive motor neurons were generated just ventral to the Pax-6-expressing domain both in the wild-type and mutant embryos. However, two somatic motor (SM) nerves, the abducent and hypoglossal nerves, were missing in homozygous embryos. By retrograde and anterograde labeling, we found no SM-type axonogenesis (ventrally growing) in the mutant postotic hindbrain, though branchiomotor and visceral motor (BM\/VM)-type axons (dorsally growing) were observed within the neural tube. To discover whether the identity of these motor neuron subtypes was changed in the mutant, we examined expression of LIM homeobox genes, Islet-1, Islet-2 and Lim-3. At the postotic levels of the hindbrain, SM neurons expressed all the three LIM genes, whereas BM\/VM-type neurons were marked by Islet-1 only. In the Pax-6 mutant hindbrain, Islet-2 expression was specifically missing, which resulted in the loss of the cells harboring the postotic hindbrain SM-type LIM code (Islet-1 + Islet-2 + Lim-3). Furthermore, we found that expression of Wnt-7b, which overlapped with Pax-6 in the ventrolateral domain of the neural tube, was also specifically missing in the mutant hindbrain, while it remained intact in the dorsal non-over-lapping domain. These results strongly suggest that Pax-6 is involved in the specification of subtypes of hindbrain motor neurons, presumably through the regulation of Islet-2 and Wnt-7b expression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.124.15.2961","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,23]],"date-time":"2021-04-23T15:07:01Z","timestamp":1619190421000},"page":"2961-2972","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":199,"title":["<i>Pax-6<\/i>\n                    is involved in the specification of hindbrain motor neuron subtype"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"Noriko","family":"Osumi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tokyo Medical and Dental University 1 Department of Developmental Biology, Division of Life Science of Maxillo-Facial Systems, Graduate School of Dentistry , , 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arisa","family":"Hirota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tokyo Medical and Dental University 1 Department of Developmental Biology, Division of Life Science of Maxillo-Facial Systems, Graduate School of Dentistry , , 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideyo","family":"Ohuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Tokushima 2 Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering , , 2-1 Minami-Jyosanjimacho, Tokushima City, 770, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masato","family":"Nakafuku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3 Division of Signal Transduction, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Insitute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-01, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tadahiro","family":"Iimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tokyo Medical and Dental University 1 Department of Developmental Biology, Division of Life Science of Maxillo-Facial Systems, Graduate School of Dentistry , , 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shigeru","family":"Kuratani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kumamoto University School of Medicine 4 Department of Morphogenesis, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics , , 2-2-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michio","family":"Fujiwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5 Safety Research Laboratories, Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co. 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