{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T01:22:11Z","timestamp":1791249731583,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1997,12,15]],"date-time":"1997-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":882144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.biologists.com\/user-licence-1-1\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,12,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>An intermediate target for axons leaving the cerebral cortex in embryonic mammals is the ganglionic eminence (GE), the embryonic precursor of the basal ganglia. The cues that direct these axons over the initial portion of their trajectory are not well understood, but could include both short-range and long-range attractants and repellents. In the present study, we provide evidence that corticofugal axons might be guided at least partly by a diffusible factor or factors originating in the lateral GE and the sulcus between the lateral and medial ridges of the GE (ISS), as well as evidence implicating the axonal chemoattractant netrin-1 in mediating these effects.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Explants of lateral GE and ISS obtained from E12.5 and E13.5 mouse forebrain have a strong effect on both the outgrowth and orientation of corticofugal axons when cultured at a distance with explants of embryonic cortex in collagen gels. Netrin-1 mRNA is detected in these target tissues by in situ hybridization, and both netrin-1 protein and heterologous cells secreting netrin-1 can mimic the outgrowth-promoting effect of these target tissues in vitro. Furthermore, the growth of corticofugal axons is oriented toward an ectopic source of netrin-1 in vitro, and a function blocking anti-netrin-1 antiserum specifically abolishes the cortical axon outgrowth elicited by explants of lateral GE and the ISS in collagen gel cocultures.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Taken together, these results suggest a role for netrin-1 in the attraction at a distance of early cortical axons by the GE. Thus in mammals \u2013 as is also observed in nematodes \u2013 the development of non-commissural projections in anterior regions of the embryo might be directed by mechanisms similar to those involved in directing the development of commissural projections in more posterior regions of the central nervous system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.124.24.5063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]],"date-time":"2021-04-26T03:07:33Z","timestamp":1619406453000},"page":"5063-5074","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":170,"title":["A role for netrin-1 in the guidance of cortical efferents"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"Christine","family":"M\u00e9tin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Alfred Fessard, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 1 , UPR 2212, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Delphine","family":"Del\u00e9glise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Alfred Fessard, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 1 , UPR 2212, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tito","family":"Serafini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Anatomy and Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California 2 , San Francisco, CA 94143-0452, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy E.","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Anatomy and Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California 2 , San Francisco, CA 94143-0452, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Tessier-Lavigne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Anatomy and Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California 2 , San Francisco, CA 94143-0452, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1997,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1038\/386838a0","article-title":"The mouse rostral cerebellar malformation gene encodes an UNC-5-like protein","volume":"386","author":"Ackerman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.17.030194.001153","article-title":"The subplate, a transient neocortical structure-its role in the development of connections between thalamus and cortex","volume":"17","author":"Allendoerfer","year":"1994","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1038\/192766b0","article-title":"Autoradiographic study of cell migration during histogenesis of cerebral cortex in the mouse","volume":"192","author":"Angevine","year":"1961","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.07-05-01447.1987","article-title":"Growth cone morphology varies with position in the developing mouse visual pathway from retina to first targets","volume":"7","author":"Bovolenta","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3155","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.13-07-03155.1993","article-title":"Spatially restricted expression of Dlx-1, Dlx-2 (Tes-1), Gbx-2, and Wnt-3 in the embryonic day 12.5 mouse forebrain defines potential transverse and longitudinal segmental boundaries","volume":"13","author":"Bulfone","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.119.4.1217","article-title":"Expression of a lacZ transgene reveals floor plate cell morphology and macromolecular transfer to commissural axons","volume":"119","author":"Campbell","year":"1993","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.06-06-01781.1986","article-title":"Pioneer growth cone steering along a series of neuronal and non-neuronal cues of different affinities","volume":"6","author":"Caudy","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90083-7","article-title":"The axonal chemoattractant netrin-1 is also a chemorepellent for trochlear motor axons","volume":"81","author":"Colamarino","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.18.030195.002433","article-title":"The role of the floor plate in axon guidance","volume":"18","author":"Colamarino","year":"1995","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.12-04-01194.1992","article-title":"Growth and targeting of subplate axons and establishment of major cortical pathways","volume":"12","author":"De Carlos","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80373-6","article-title":"Netrin-1 and DCC mediate axon guidance locally at the optic disc: loss of function leads to optic nerve hypoplasia","volume":"19","author":"Deiner","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(88)90194-8","article-title":"Spatial regulation of axonal glycoprotein expression on subsets of embryonic spinal neurons","volume":"1","author":"Dodd","year":"1988","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/2.4.336","article-title":"Emergence of connectivity in the embryonic rat parietal cortex","volume":"2","author":"Erzurumlu","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(95)90284-8","article-title":"Localized collapsing cues can steer growth cones without inducing their full collapse","volume":"14","author":"Fan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-3806(90)90220-S","article-title":"Neuron migration within the radial glial fiber system of the developing murine cerebrum: an electron microscopic autoradiographic analysis","volume":"52","author":"Gadisseux","year":"1990","journal-title":"Dev Brain Res"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1006\/sedb.1994.1048","article-title":"Axonal pathfinding at the optic chiasm and at decision regions: control of growth cone motility, guidance, and cellular contacts","volume":"5","author":"Godement","year":"1994","journal-title":"Sem. Dev Biol"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(90)90307-2","article-title":"Retinal axon pathfinding in the optic chiasm: Divergence of crossed and uncrossed fibers","volume":"5","author":"Godement","year":"1990","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(92)90216-Z","article-title":"Generation and migration of cells in the developing striatum","volume":"9","author":"Halliday","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80154-3","article-title":"Guidance cues at the drosophila CNS midline: Identification and characterization of two drosophila Netrin\/UNC-6 homologs","volume":"17","author":"Harris","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(90)90444-K","article-title":"The unc-5, unc-6 and unc-40 genes guide circumferential migrations of pioneer axons and mesodermal cells on the epidermis in C. elegans","volume":"2","author":"Hedgecock","year":"1990","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(92)90240-E","article-title":"UNC-6, a laminin-related protein, guides cell and pioneer axon migrations in C. elegans","volume":"9","author":"Ishii","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81336-7","article-title":"Deleted in Colorectal Cancer (DCC) encodes a netrin receptor","volume":"87","author":"Keino-Masu","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(94)90421-9","article-title":"Netrins are diffusible chemotropic factors for commissural axons in the embryonic spinal cord","volume":"78","author":"Kennedy","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1038\/386833a0","article-title":"Vertebrate homologues of C. elegans UNC-5 are candidate netrin receptors","volume":"24","author":"Leonardo","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1006\/mcne.1997.0598","article-title":"Netrin and netrin receptor expression in the embryonic mammalian nervous sytem suggests roles in retinal, striatal, nigral, and cerebellar development","volume":"8","author":"Livesey","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mol Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.12-02-00674.1992","article-title":"Transient Calbindin-D28K-positive systems in the telencephalon: ganglionic eminence, developing striatum and cerebral cortex","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1038\/306786a0","article-title":"Earliest sensory nerve fibres are guided to peripheral targets by attractants other than nerve growth factor","volume":"306","author":"Lumsden","year":"1983","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(88)90163-8","article-title":"Cell lineage in the cerebral cortex of the mouse studied in vivo and in vitro with a recombinant retrovirus","volume":"1","author":"Luskin","year":"1988","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-6619-9_1","article-title":"Early ontogenesis of the human cerebral cortex","volume-title":"Development and Maturation of Cerebral cortex","author":"Marin-Padilla","year":"1988"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3219","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-10-03219.1996","article-title":"The ganglionic eminence may be an intermediate target for corticofugal and thalamocortical axons","volume":"16","author":"M\u00e9tin","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1641","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903350103","article-title":"The early development of thalamocortical and corticothalamic projections","volume":"335","author":"Miller","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-3806(88)90121-6","article-title":"Identification of radial glial cells within the developing murine central nervous system: studies based upon a new immunohistochemical marker","volume":"44","author":"Misson","year":"1988","journal-title":"Dev. Brain Res"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80153-1","article-title":"Genetic analysis of Netrin genes in drosophila: Netrins guide CNS commissural axons and peripheral motor axons","volume":"17","author":"Mitchell","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(95)93935-Q","article-title":"How do thalamic axons find their way to the cortex?","volume":"18","author":"Molnar","year":"1995","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.110.1.19","article-title":"Orientation of commissural axons in vitro in response to floor plate-derived chemoattractant","volume":"110","author":"Placzek","year":"1990","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6370","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.14-11-06370.1994","article-title":"DLX-2, MASH-1, and MAP-2 expression and bromodeoxyuridine incorporation define molecularly distinct cell populations in the embryonic mouse forebrain","volume":"14","author":"Porteus","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(93)90080-6","article-title":"Expression pattern of homeobox and other putative regulatory genes in the embryonic mouse forebrain suggest a neuromeric organization","volume":"16","author":"Puelles","year":"1993","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901450105","article-title":"Mode of cell migration to the superficial layers of fetal monkey neocortex","volume":"145","author":"Rakic","year":"1972","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2445","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-07-02445.1997","article-title":"Directed growth of early cortical axons is influenced by a chemoattractant released from an intermediate target","volume":"17","author":"Richards","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00267823","article-title":"A single protocol to detect transcripts of various types and expression levels in neural tissue and cultured cells: in situ hybridization using digoxigenin-labelled cRNA probes","volume":"100","author":"Schaeren-Wiemers","year":"1993","journal-title":"Histochemistry"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81795-X","article-title":"Netrin-1 is required for commissural axon guidance in the developing vertebrate nervous system","volume":"87","author":"Serafini","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(94)90420-0","article-title":"The netrins define a family of axon outgrowthpromoting proteins homologous to C.elegans UNC-6","volume":"78","author":"Serafini","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80241-X","article-title":"guidance of circumferentially growing axons by netrin-dependent and-independent floor plate chemotropism in the vertebrate brain","volume":"17","author":"Shirasaki","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(95)90334-8","article-title":"Guidance of cerebellofugal axons in the rat embryo: directed growth toward the floor plate and subsequent elongation along the longitudinal axis","volume":"14","author":"Shirasaki","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1126\/science.274.5290.1123","article-title":"The molecular biology of axon guidance","volume":"274","author":"Tessier-Lavigne","year":"1996","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(91)90142-H","article-title":"Target attraction: are developing axons guided by chemotropism?","volume":"14","author":"Tessier-Lavigne","year":"1991","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1038\/336775a0","article-title":"Chemotropic guidance of developing axons in the mammalian central nervous system","volume":"336","author":"Tessier-Lavigne","year":"1988","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2345","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.05-09-02345.1985","article-title":"Growth cone morphology and trajectory in the lumbosacral region of the chick embryo","volume":"5","author":"Tosney","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80261-5","article-title":"Motor axon subpopulations respond differentially to the chemorepellents netrin-1 and semaphorin D","volume":"18","author":"Varela-Echavarria","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2025021408434600700_DEVELOP_124_24_5063C50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80021-5","article-title":"Neuroglia and pioneer neurons express UNC-6 to provide global and local netrin cues for guiding migrations in C. elegans","volume":"16","author":"Wadsworth","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neuron"}],"container-title":["Development"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/dev\/article-pdf\/124\/24\/5063\/3128335\/develop_124_24_5063.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/dev\/article-pdf\/124\/24\/5063\/3128335\/develop_124_24_5063.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]],"date-time":"2025-02-14T08:44:04Z","timestamp":1739522644000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.biologists.com\/dev\/article\/124\/24\/5063\/39598\/A-role-for-netrin-1-in-the-guidance-of-cortical"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,12,15]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"24","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,12,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/dev.124.24.5063","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-1991","1477-9129"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-1991","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-9129","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,12,15]]}}}