{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T23:47:26Z","timestamp":1777420046967,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"19","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>In the two nematode species Caenorhabditis elegans and Pristionchus pacificus the vulva equivalence group in the central body region is specified by the Hox gene lin-39. C. elegans lin-39 mutants are vulvaless and the vulval precursor cells fuse with the surrounding hypodermis, whereas in P. pacificus lin-39 mutants the vulval precursor cells die by apoptosis. Mechanistically, LIN-39 might inhibit non-vulval fate (cell fusion in C. elegans, apoptosis in P. pacificus), promote vulval fate or do both. To study the mechanism of lin-39 function, we isolated P. pacificus cell death mutants and identified mutations in ced-3. Surprisingly, P. pacificus ced-3; lin-39 double mutants form a functional vulva in the absence of LIN-39 activity. Thus, in P. pacificus lin-39 specifies the vulva equivalence group by inhibiting programmed cell death. Furthermore, these data reveal an important difference in a later function of lin-39 between the two species. In C. elegans, LIN-39 specifies vulval cell fates in response to inductive RAS signaling, and in P. pacificus LIN-39 is not required for vulval induction. Thus, the comparative analysis indicates that lin-39 has distinct functions in both species although the gene is acting in a homologous developmental system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.125.19.3865","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]],"date-time":"2021-04-26T03:26:54Z","timestamp":1619407614000},"page":"3865-3873","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["The <i>Pristionchus<\/i> HOX gene <i>Ppa-lin-39<\/i> inhibits programmed cell death to specify the vulva equivalence group and is not required during vulval induction"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"125","author":[{"given":"Ralf J.","family":"Sommer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Max-Planck Institut f\u00fcr Entwicklungsbiologie, Abt. 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Zellbiologie, Spemannstrasse 35, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anja","family":"Bubeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max-Planck Institut f\u00fcr Entwicklungsbiologie, Abt. Zellbiologie, Spemannstrasse 35, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Schlak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max-Planck Institut f\u00fcr Entwicklungsbiologie, Abt. Zellbiologie, Spemannstrasse 35, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025021502010452600_DEVELOP_125_19_3865C1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1038\/348693a0","article-title":"The let-23 gene necessary for Caenorhabditis elegans vulval induction encodes a tyrosine kinase of the EGF receptor subfamily","volume":"348","author":"Aroian","year":"1990","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2025021502010452600_DEVELOP_125_19_3865C2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1038\/348503a0","article-title":"Caenorhabditis elegans ras gene let-60 acts as a switch in the pathway of vulva induction","volume":"348","author":"Beitel","year":"1990","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2025021502010452600_DEVELOP_125_19_3865C3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3149","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.9.24.3149","article-title":"The Caenorhabditis elegans gene lin-1 encodes an ETS domain protein and defines a branch of the vulva induction pathway","volume":"9","author":"Beitel","year":"1995","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"2025021502010452600_DEVELOP_125_19_3865C4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1373520","article-title":"Molecular cloning of the interleukin-1\u03b2 converting enzyme","volume":"256","author":"Cerretti","year":"1992","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2025021502010452600_DEVELOP_125_19_3865C5","first-page":"150","volume":"182","author":"Clandinin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Caenorhabditis elegans HOM-C genes regulate the response of vulval precursor cells to inductive signal. 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