{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T04:52:32Z","timestamp":1790916752033,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,7,15]],"date-time":"1999-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":931996800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.biologists.com\/user-licence-1-1\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,7,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>XTcf-3 is an HMG box transcription factor that mediates Xenopus dorsal-ventral axis formation. As a Wnt pathway effector, XTcf-3 interacts with \u03b2-catenin and activates the expression of the dorsal organizing gene siamois, while in the absence of \u03b2-catenin, XTcf-3 functions as a transcriptional repressor. We show that XTcf-3 contains amino- and carboxy-terminal repressor domains and have identified a Xenopus member of the C-terminal Binding Protein family of transcriptional co-repressors (XCtBP) as the C-terminal co-repressor. We show that two XCtBP binding sites near the XTcf-3 carboxy-terminus are required for the interaction of XTcf-3 and XCtBP and for the transcriptional repression mediated by the XTcf-3 carboxy-terminal domain. By fusing the GAL4 activation domain to XCtBP we have generated an antimorphic protein, XCtBP\/G4A, that activates siamois transcription through an interaction with endogenous XTcf-3. Ectopic expression of XCtBP\/G4A demonstrates that XCtBP functions in the regulation of head and notochord development. Our data support a role for XCtBP as a co-repressor throughout Xenopus development and indicate that XCtBP\/G4A will be a useful tool in determining how XCtBP functions in various developmental processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.126.14.3159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,23]],"date-time":"2021-04-23T19:51:00Z","timestamp":1619207460000},"page":"3159-3170","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":212,"title":["XCtBP is a XTcf-3 co-repressor with roles throughout <i>Xenopus<\/i> development"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"126","author":[{"given":"Mark","family":"Brannon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey D.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Pharmacology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Bates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Pharmacology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Kimelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randall T.","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2 Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Pharmacology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023090607392588200_DEVELOP_126_14_3159C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5581","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.17.9.5581","article-title":"Groucho-dependent and -independent repression activities of Runt domain proteins","volume":"17","author":"Aronson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mol. 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